摘要
潮间带沉积物中的重金属元素易通过食物链的传递和累积对生态系统产生威胁,研究其浓度对于生态环境安全具有重要意义。为了探讨近40年间三门湾潮间带表层沉积物中典型重金属污染水平和潜在生态环境影响,本项研究收集了1982年、2007年和2021年的沉积物样品分析数据,采用单因子指数法和Hakanson生态风险指数法,重点分析了沉积物中Hg、Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Cr和Zn这7种重金属浓度。结果表明,三门湾表层沉积物的重金属浓度在1982-2021年间总体呈现“先升高、后降低”的变化趋势。从单因子污染物污染指数CF来看,Cu长期保持重度污染水平,Cd在2007年为重度污染,其他元素则呈低-中度污染。地质累积指数显示,Cu处于中度污染,其他重金属不具有污染或者处于低至中度污染。单个污染物的潜在生态风险指数显示,1982-2021年间As、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn和Hg都处于低生态风险,而Cd元素在1982-2007年间一直处于较重度生态风险,2021年则处于中生态风险。此外,从潜在生态风险指数RI来看,2007-2021年间潜在生态风险有所降低。对2007年和2021年两个研究时段表层沉积物中的重金属来源进行相关性分析和主成分分析,结果表明,每个研究时段都主要受人类工业活动的影响。本研究可为三门湾重金属污染防治、用水安全保障和生态风险管控提供参考。
The transfer and accumulation of heavy metals in intertidal sediments through the food chain pose great threats to the ecosystems.Therefore,it is crucial to study their concentration to ensure the safety of the ecological environment.This study aimed to assess the levels of typical heavy metal contamination and their potential ecological impacts in the intertidal sediments of Sanmen Bay over the past 40 years.Sediment samples collected in 1982,2007,and 2021 were analyzed for concentrations of seven heavy metals(Hg,Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr,and Zn)using the single-factor index method and Hakanson's Ecological Risk Index.The results indicated a general trend of"first increasing,then decreasing"in heavy metal concentrations in surface sediments from 1982 to 2021.Cu was consistently heavily polluted according to the singlefactor pollution index(CF),while Cd was heavily polluted in 2007.Other elements showed low to moderate pollution levels.Based on the geological accumulation index,Cu was moderately polluted,while the other heavy metals were either unpolluted or only slightly polluted.The potential ecological risk index revealed low ecological risk for As,Cr,Cu,Pb,Zn,and Hg;however,Cd showed a higher ecological risk between 1982 and 2007,which decreased to a medium level by 2021.Overall,the potential ecological risk declined from 2007 to 2021.Source analysis using Pearson correlation and principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that industrial activities were the dominant source of heavy metals in both 2007 and 2021.This study provides valuable insights for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution,as well as ensuring water safety,ecological protection and risk management in Sanmen Bay.
作者
薛成凤
蔡廷禄
刘毅飞
何方婷
倪建宇
陈一宁
夏小明
XUE Chengfeng;CAI Tinglu;LIU Yifei;HE Fangting;NI Jianyu;CHEN Yining;XIA Xiaoming(Key Laboratory of Marine Spatial Resource Management Technology,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang,China;The Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences,Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,China)
出处
《海洋通报》
北大核心
2025年第5期705-715,共11页
Marine Science Bulletin
基金
浙江省科技计划(2022R52016)。
关键词
三门湾
潮间带
环境质量
重金属污染评价
生态风险
Sanmen Bay
intertidal zone
environmental quality
heavy metal pollution assessment
ecological risk
