摘要
伴随我国城市建设由增量拓展转向存量更新及公众健康需求的持续增长,改善邻里关系、促进社会交往、提升社会健康水平成为城市规划的重要议题。地处陆海交汇的海滨公共空间是滨海城市重要的景观与游憩资源,而由内城至海滨的通海路径,不仅是连接城市与海滨公共空间的线性物理通道,更是多元人群复杂社会交往活动的重要承载。由此,本研究以大连市主城区11条典型通海路径为研究对象,从社交健康强度、广度、影响度三方面构建通海路径的社交健康水平评价体系;运用多源数据对通海路径外围与内部的土地利用、建设强度、可达性、安全性、舒适性展开测度;在此基础上,通过斯皮尔曼(Spearman)相关分析法对影响通海路径综合社交健康水平的规划要素进行识别,探求其作用机制,并提出优化策略,以期为滨海城市的健康与可持续发展提供有益借鉴。
With the transformation of China’s urban construction from expansion to renewal and the continuous growth of public health demands,improving neighborhood relations,promoting social interaction,and enhancing social health levels have become important topics in urban planning.Coastal public spaces located at the intersection of land and sea are significant landscape and recreational resources in coastal cities.The paths leading from the inner city to the seaside are not only linear physical connections between the city and the coastal public spaces but also important carriers of complex social interaction activities among diverse groups of people.Therefore,this paper takes the seaside access paths as the research object and discusses it from three parts:research basis,evaluation of social health levels,and identification,mechanism analysis,and optimization strategies of planning influencing factors.The first part is the research foundation,mainly explaining the selection of the coastal access routes,the measurement of social interaction health levels,and the construction of the index system of planning influence factors.Firstly,taking the main urban area of Dalian as the research scope,based on the Open Street Map data,the roads within the research area were obtained and broken at intersections,resulting in a total of 5,889 road data.Then,11 coastal access routes were selected as the research objects based on the relevant characteristics of spatial location and function.Next,three elements,namely social intensity,social breadth,and social influence,were selected as the measurement indicators for evaluating the social interaction health level of the coastal access routes.Finally,according to the spatial location,element characteristics,and mechanism of action,the planning influence factors were divided into two aspects:the periphery of the route and the interior of the route.On this basis,five first-level indicators,namely land use,construction intensity,accessibility,safety,and comfort,and seventeen second-level indicators,such as land use mix,area of various types of land use,and floor area ratio,were selected to construct the evaluation system of influence factors.The second part is the evaluation of the social health level of the through-sea routes,which includes comprehensive evaluation and itemized evaluation.Firstly,the social intensity,social breadth,and social influence of the through-sea routes are measured,and the measured data are standardized.The CRITIC method is used to calculate the weight of each index.Then,the social health level of each route is weighted and superimposed to obtain the comprehensive social health evaluation result.Finally,the social intensity,social breadth,and social influence of the through-sea routes are evaluated item by item.The results show that there are significant differences in the scores of the routes at the item level,and there are extreme fluctuations in the item scores at the route level.The third part consists of three aspects identification of planning impact factors,mechanism analysis,and optimization strategies.Firstly,through Spearman correlation analysis,12 planning impact factors significantly related to the level of social health were identified.Among the peripheral area factors of the path,the commercial land area in the land use index is positively correlated with the social health level of the path to the sea,while the average land area is negatively correlated.At the construction intensity level,the average floor area ratio,average building density,and average building height are all positively correlated.Among the internal space factors of the path,the choice degree in the accessibility index is positively correlated with the social health level.In the safety index,the natural surveillance degree and motorization degree have a positive impact,but the relative pedestrian width is negatively correlated.In the comfort index,the green view ratio,sky visibility,and enclosure degree are all significantly correlated with the social health level of the path to the sea,among which the green view ratio and sky visibility have a negative correlation,and the enclosure degree has a positive correlation.Secondly,the typical action mechanisms of planning impact factors were analyzed from the land use level,construction intensity level,and pedestrian comfort level.Among them,at the land use level:commercial land and small blocks are positive factors for improving the social health level.At the construction intensity level:reasonable high intensity construction can significantly improve the social health level of the path to the sea.At the pedestrian comfort level:the enclosure degree,green view ratio,and sky visibility have significant influences but different mechanisms.Finally,corresponding optimization strategies were proposed from three aspects:block scale,land use function,and environmental landscape.Among them,at the block scale level:develop a small block model to enhance the social attractiveness of the path to the sea.At the land use function level:pay attention to the mixed use of land to promote the social diversity of the path to the sea.At the environmental landscape level:emphasize the shaping of landscape ecology to improve the quality of social activities on the path to the sea.
作者
刘代云
王派
刘源
LIU Daiyun;WANG Pai;LIU Yuan
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
北大核心
2025年第6期1-7,共7页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52278048)。
关键词
健康城市
滨海城市
社交健康
通海路径
机制分析
healthy city
coastal cities
social health
access to the sea
mechanism analysis
