摘要
在当前世界各国纷纷加强科技领域战略布局的背景下,专利出海作为企业创新国际化能力的重要体现,其能否提升企业供应链韧性,是中国实现高水平对外开放的一个重要议题。本文基于FactSet Revere数据库,从抵抗力、恢复力、长期发展力视角构建多维度指标衡量中国上市公司与不同海外客户之间的供应链韧性,进一步结合PATSTAT数据库识别企业在不同客户所在国的专利出海行为。研究发现,专利出海提升了企业跨国供应链韧性;非国有企业、海外客户依赖度更高的企业以及高科技企业表现出更强的抵抗力;国有企业、高科技企业以及向非发达国家的专利出海则表现出更强的恢复力。合作深化效应、声誉提升效应以及技术风险削减效应是主要的传导机制。拓展研究发现,专利出海同样有利于企业与海外供应商的供应链韧性提升,而对海外合作伙伴韧性的提升作用并不显著。此外,将中美贸易摩擦作为外生冲击的研究发现,专利出海使得企业在供应链中断后恢复概率更大。本文的研究为企业通过专利出海抵御海外不确定性风险提供了理论依据,对于中国着力提升产业链供应链韧性与安全水平具有重要的现实指导意义。
Against the backdrop of countries around the world gradually strengthening their strategic layouts in the technology sector,the role of overseas patenting as a critical indicator of a firm’s innovation capability has come under scrutiny.An important issue in China’s advancement towards a higher level of opening up in the new development phase is whether overseas patenting can help firms enhance supply chain resilience.This paper draws on data on the supply chain relationship between Chinese suppliers and overseas customers from the FactSet database and constructs a multidimensional set of indicators to measure supply chain resilience from the perspectives of resistance,recovery,and long-term development capacity.Combining this with global patent data from the PATSTAT database,this paper identifies the intensity of Chinese suppliers’overseas patenting activities in host countries and conducts an empirical analysis.The results show that overseas patenting significantly reduces the probability of supply chain disruption,increases the likelihood that Chinese suppliers resume supply relationships with former customers after a disruption,and improves their chances of acquiring new customers in the destination countries of patent filings,while extending the duration of supplier-customer relationships,thus enhancing overall supply chain resilience.Mechanism analyses reveal that overseas patenting strengthens supply chain resilience through cooperation deepening effects,reputation enhancement effects,and technology-risk mitigation effects.Specifically,following overseas patenting,Chinese suppliers are more likely to form long-term partnership agreements with overseas customers,receive substantially more positive media coverage,experience a notable increase in online search visibility,apply for overseas trademarks to facilitate brand internationalization,and report lower perceived risks associated with foreign intellectual property rights.Heterogeneity analyses further show that overseas patenting more strongly enhances the supply chain resistance of non-state-owned firms,relationships with higher dependence,and high-tech firms,while it more strongly promotes supply chain recovery for state-owned enterprises,high-tech firms,and supply chains connected to less developed countries.Further analysis shows that overseas patenting similarly improves the resilience of supply chains between overseas suppliers and Chinese customers,but its effect on the resilience of cooperative partnerships between Chinese firms and overseas noncustomer partners is not statistically significant.Finally,by introducing the U.S.-China trade friction as an exogenous shock into the analytical framework,this paper finds that although overseas patenting does not significantly mitigate supply chain disruptions caused by trade frictions,it does significantly improve the probability of supply chain reconstruction after the shock.
作者
李磊
刘博聪
盛斌
李川川
LI Lei;LIU Bo-cong;SHENG Bin;LI Chuan-chuan(Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations,Nankai University;School of Economics,Nankai University;School of Economics,University of International Business and Economics)
出处
《中国工业经济》
北大核心
2025年第10期97-116,共20页
China Industrial Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“全球产业智能化对我国供应链安全的影响及对策研究”(批准号22&ZD097)。
关键词
专利出海
供应链韧性
抵抗力
恢复力
长期发展力
overseas patenting
supply chain resilience
resistance
recovery
long-term development
