摘要
DS1300型压力式潮位仪(以下简称压力式潮位仪)是海滨潮汐观测的主要仪器之一,具有成本低、布放方便、观测性能稳定的特点。但受环境的影响,压力式潮位仪在观测过程中极易产生误差。文章对两个验潮站浮子式潮位仪、雷达式潮位仪和压力式潮位仪的潮位观测值进行对比,同时,在传统大气压力和海水密度修正的基础上进一步对压力式潮位仪观测误差原因进行分析和探讨。结果表明:(1)相比于浮子式潮位仪和雷达式潮位仪,压力式潮位仪的观测误差更大。(2)在近岸区域,由于海水盐度相对偏低,传统的海水密度修正方法对压力式潮位数据的误差处理具有一定的作用,但作用不大。(3)压力式潮位误差和天文潮无直接关系,由于地形作用放大了天文潮对区域潮位的影响,即增大了潮差,使得压力潮位误差对天文潮的变化较为敏感,从而关系明显。潮差大的区域,压力式潮位观测误差大且误差与天文潮相关性高;潮差大的时段,压力式潮位观测误差则更易受潮汐影响。
DS1300 pressure type tide gauge(hereinafter referred to as pressure type tide gauge)is one of the main instruments for coastal tidal observation,which has the characteristics of low cost,convenient deployment,and stable observation performance.However,due to the influence of the environment,pressure type tidal gauges are prone to errors during the observation process.This article compares the tidal observation values of two tidal gauge stations,namely the float type tidal gauge,radar type tidal gauge,and pressure type tidal gauge.At the same time,based on traditional atmospheric pressure and seawater density corrections,further analysis and exploration are conducted on the causes of observation errors in pressure tide gauges.The results show that:(1)Compared to float type tide gauges and radar type tide gauges,pressure type tide gauges have larger observation errors.(2)In nearshore areas,due to the relatively low salinity of seawater,traditional seawater density correction methods have a certain effect on error processing of pressure type tidal level data,but their effect is not significant.(3)The error of pressure tidal level is not directly related to astronomical tide.Due to the amplification of the influence of astronomical tide on regional tidal level by terrain,the tidal range is increased,making the error of pressure tidal level more sensitive to changes in astronomical tide,and thus the relationship is obvious.In areas with large tidal ranges,pressure type tidal level observations have large errors and a high correlation with astronomical tides;During periods of large tidal range,the observation error of pressure type tidal level is more susceptible to the influence of tides.
作者
秦钰
徐洪
王磊
谢武锋
邢会斌
QIN Yu;XU Hong;WANG Lei;XIE Wufeng;XING Huibin(South China Sea Marine Forecast and Hazard Mitigation Center,MNR,Guangzhou 510310,China;Surveying and Mapping Institute Lands and Resource Department of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510663,China)
出处
《海洋开发与管理》
2025年第6期59-67,共9页
Ocean Development and Management
基金
自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室项目(MESTA-2022-D010).
关键词
潮汐
压力式潮位仪
质量控制
误差
Tide
Pressure type tide gauge
Quality control
Error
