摘要
重点分析2023—2024年黄河上中游水库联合排沙期青铜峡、海勃湾水库的排沙效果及宁蒙河段冲淤特征,并对宁蒙河段输沙规律进行研究。研究表明:联合排沙期间青铜峡与海勃湾水库排沙比均超过150%,库容得到有效恢复;水库下游青铜峡—石嘴山河段和巴彦高勒—头道拐河段快速淤积,排沙结束后淤积泥沙基本于当年或次年非汛期被冲刷走。此外,建立了青铜峡水库排沙期青铜峡—石嘴山河段排沙比与出库泥沙中库区冲刷泥沙占比以及排沙洪水来沙系数的关系,并识别出海勃湾出库含沙量大于4 kg/m^(3)时,巴彦高勒—包头河段由冲刷转变为淤积。
This study focused on analyzing the sediment discharge effect of the Qingtongxia and Haibowan reservoirs during the joint sediment flushing period in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2023 to 2024,as well as the erosion and deposition characteristics of the Ningxia⁃Inner Mongolia reach.Additionally,the sediment transport patterns in this reach were investigated.The results indicate that during the joint sediment flushing period,the sediment discharge ratios of both the Qingtongxia and Haibowan reservoirs exceed 150%effec⁃tively,and their storage capacities are effectively restored.Rapid deposition occurs in the Qingtongxia⁃Shizuishan and Bayangaole⁃Toudaoguai sections downstream of the reservoirs,with the deposited sediment being largely eroded during the non⁃flood season of the same year or the following year.Furthermore,relationships are established between the sediment discharge ratio of the Qingtongxia⁃Shizuishan section during the flushing period at Qingtongxia Reservoir and both the proportion of scoured sediment from the reservoir area in the outgoing sediment and the sediment coefficient of the flushing flood.It is also identified that when the sediment concentration at the outlet of Haibowan Reservoir ex⁃ceeds 4 kg/m^(3),the Bayangaole⁃Baotou section has changed from erosion to siltation.
作者
李彬
任智慧
郑艳爽
张晓华
LI Bin;REN Zhihui;ZHENG Yanshuang;ZHANG Xiaohua(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River and Estuary Regulation,Ministry of Water Resources,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Yellow River Laboratory,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
北大核心
2025年第12期60-64,76,共6页
Yellow River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3206702)
水利部重大科技项目(SKS-20222061)。
关键词
水库排沙
泥沙冲淤
青铜峡水库
海勃湾水库
宁蒙河段
reservoir sediment flushing
sediment erosion and deposition
Qingtongxia Reservoir
Haibowan Reservoir
Ningxia⁃Inner Mon⁃golia reach
