摘要
我国东部沿海地区,位于北纬18°12′—42°间欧亚大陆的东岸,面向太平洋,受海洋影响,是泥炭比较丰富的地区。本区的泥炭大多是全新世12000年来形成的,如今多数已被泥砂掩埋,属于埋藏泥炭。本区毗邻海洋,泥炭的生成与分布同海洋有关。由于海洋性气候降水较多,湿度较大,对发育沼泽、堆积泥炭是较有利的。但我们认为本区泥炭比较丰富的主要原因,是由于海洋水体对陆地水的水力影响。而它们在空间与时间上的分布特征,则是海面在全新世有过较大幅度的升降,引起沿海地区海进、海退造成的。本区埋藏泥炭的上覆盖层不厚,一般1—2米,容易开采。可制做各种腐植酸肥料,促进农业生产发展。此外,泥炭对研究第四纪具有十分重要的地位。因此,研究本区泥炭有着重要的经济意义与理论意义。
A rather rich peat was buried in the eastern littoral areas of China.Most of it had been formed during the period of Holocene.It wasn’s buried very deeply.There are obvious characters of its distribution related to time and space.1.In the direction of breadth,the peat runs from the north to the south and parallels the coastline,showing the distribution of zone disjointedly.Because of the differences of geometry,it can be divided roughly into two parts.If we may draw a line at the mouth of Qiantang River,there is more peat in the north part than that in the south.2.In the vertical direction,most of the peat is being distributed among the three zones of altitude,that is:7-15 m-1-6 m and-10-30 m level of the sea.3.In the horizontal direction,the peat on such altitudinal zones as-1-6mand-10-30 m level of the sea piled roughly upon one another.The former isthe top peat;the latter is the bottom one.Both of them are distributed between the present-day and the old coastlines during the high sea level period.The peat in 7-15 m level of the sea is distributed in the west of the old coastline during the high sea level period.4.As far as the time is concerned,the peat in different altitude was formed indifferent periods.The peat in-10-30 m level was formed mainly in the earlyHolcene.The one in 7-15 m level was formed generally in the middle Holocene.The one in-1-6 m sea level was formed in the middle and the late Holocene.The typea of the buried peat in the area are chiefly the lagoonal calcipit,the calcipit of alluvial flat and the calcipit gullu.Their distributions from the sea to the continent show the regular column from lagoonal calcipit to the calcipit of alluvial flat and the gully calcipit.Eoughly,taking the old coastline of the high sea level as boundary,at each side of the east and the west there are rows of peat of all three types.The formation of the peat in the area is mostly influenced by the sea level affecting the hydrodynamics of the continental water.As far as their characters of distributions in time and space are concerned,it is the fluctuation of sea-level during Holocene that caused the regression and transgression of sea along the near shore area.As we all know,peat is the product of swamp.It records both the stage and the degree of its growth.Therefore,the growth and accumulation of it in the eastern littoral area in China,which was buried afterwards,reflect clearly the evolution of the old geography of this area.
作者
钟金岳
张则友
Zhong Jinyue;Zhang Zeyou(The Northeast Normal University)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1981年第5期412-421,共10页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
