摘要
海水中除含有约35克/升无机盐外,还含有约0.5—2.0毫克碳/升的有机物质。其中主要为溶解有机物。已确认的溶解有机物主要为氨基酸、糖类、脂肪酸等。但这些只占总溶解有机物的10%左右,而大约90%是未知的。据报道,其中60—80%为腐植质。腐植质在海水中的浓度很低,约为0.003—0.8毫克/升。
The adsorption efficiencies of both GDX-102,a China-made adsorbent,and Am-berlite XAD-2 for humic substances from seawater were comparatively investigated.Results obtained indicated that GDX-102 resin adsorbed the hydrophobic organic compounds more effectively than XAD-2 did,and both resins did not adsorb the hydro-philic organic compounds such as amino acids and sugars.After adsorption,the humic substances were eluted with 1N NH_(4)OH solution from the resin column,and then the ethanol-soluble and ether-soluble matters containing fatty structure and more hydro-phobic organic compounds were eluted with ethanol and ether,successively.Under the same conditions,the adsorption yield of humic substances from seawater by GDX-102 resin was 2.24 times higher and the flow rate through resin column was 1.5 times faster than that by Amberlite XAD-2.The authors,therefore,deem that GDX-102 resin is a more effective adsorption resin than Amberlite XAD-2 for humic substances from seawater.The preliminary chemical characterization of fulvic and humic acids from sea-water obtained by both resins on elementary analysis,UV-absorption spectra,Ill-absorption spectra and gel electrophoresis was carried out.The elementary composition and the distribution of molecular weight of FA isolated by the authors from seawater are essentially akin to those of FA from Sargassum Sea,characterized by Stuermer et al.[16],but the IR-absorption spectra of FA accord with that of FA from soil by Schnitzer[31].The ethanol-soluble matters seem to be a group of organic matters differing from HA and FA in elementary composition and IR-absorption spectra,and containing more hydrophobic portions.The liquid chromatograph of the ether-soluble matters shows the presence of a lot of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH),mainly originating from fossil fuel by human activities.The GDX-102 resin might be used as a suitable adsorbent for PAH from seawater as well.
作者
纪明侯
曹文达
韩丽君
Ji Minghou;Cao Wenda;Han Lijun(Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1982年第4期370-379,共10页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
