摘要
二程义利观作为中华传统文化的重要组成部分,是对孔孟义利观的继承与发展。二程创造性地将义利之辨与理欲之辨、公私之辨等议题相融合,在道德理性与感性欲望的矛盾中强调“存理灭欲”,在个人私利与公共利益的矛盾中提倡“克私为公”,在道义原则与利益追求的矛盾中主张“利不妨义”,形成了极具辩证意蕴的理学义利观。客观而言,二程义利观既蕴含超越时代的文化基因和文化价值,也具有时代和历史的局限性。着眼新时代,对二程义利观进行创造性转化,既是顺应推进“第二个结合”的时代需要,也是破解现代社会“惟利是图”价值困境、揭示西方“完全利己经济人假设”理论谬误的重要举措。从实践来看,推动二程义利观创造性转化,要坚持“取其精华、去其糟粕”的基本原则,以“存理灭欲”解构消费主义异化,促进人的物质生活与精神生活协调发展;以“克私为公”消解利己与利他的二元对立,实现个人利益与集体利益有机融合;以“利不妨义”对治见利忘义,在国际交往中推动世界各国共同繁荣发展。
As an important part of traditional Chinese culture,the Cheng Brothers’perspective on righteousness and benefit is an inheritance and development of Confucius’and Mencius’views on this topic.The Cheng Brothers innovatively integrated the debate on righteousness and benefit with debates on“reason versus desire”and“public versus private interests”.In the contradiction between moral reason and sensual desire,they emphasized“preserving heavenly reason and eliminating human desires”;in the contradiction between individual self-interest and public interests,they advocated“overcoming selfishness for the public good”;in the contradiction between moral principles and the pursuit of benefit,they argued that“benefit should not hinder righteousness”.In this way,they formed a Neo-Confucian perspective on righteousness and benefit with profound dialectical implications.Objectively speaking,the Cheng Brothers’perspective contains cultural genes and values that transcend their era,but it also has limitations imposed by the historical context of their time.In the new era,the creative transformation of the Cheng Brothers’perspective is not only a response to the contemporary need to advance“the Second Integration”(the integration of Marxism with Chinese excellent traditional culture)but also a crucial measure to resolve the modern social dilemma of“pursuing profit without scruples”and expose the theoretical fallacies of the Western“hypothesis of the fully self-interested economic man”.In practice,promoting the creative transformation of the Cheng Brothers’perspective requires adhering to the basic principle of“retaining the essence and discarding the dregs”.Specifically,we should use the concept of“preserving heavenly reason and eliminating human desires”to deconstruct the alienation of consumerism and promote the coordinated development of people’s material and spiritual lives;use the concept of“overcoming selfishness for the public good”to resolve the binary opposition between self-interest and altruism and realize the organic integration of individual interests and collective interests;and use the concept of“benefit should not hinder righteousness”to counteract the tendency of“forgetting righteousness in pursuit of benefit”and promote the common prosperity and development of all countries in international exchanges.
作者
程恩富
王少光
Cheng Enfu;Wang Shaoguang
出处
《中州学刊》
北大核心
2025年第10期118-125,共8页
Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
基金
安徽省社会科学创新发展研究专项课题“习近平文化思想的哲学底蕴与科学方法体系研究”(2025CXZ025)。
关键词
二程理学
义利观
中华优秀传统文化
马克思主义
“第二个结合”
the Cheng Brothers’Neo-Confucianism
perspective on righteousness and benefit
Chinese excellent traditional culture
Marxism
“the Second Integration”
