摘要
已有研究表明,普通话母语者学习两个位于句末的日语助词“か/ka/”和“が/ga/”时会产生偏误,但对这些偏误缺乏细致的定量分析。本文从声学角度考察了普通话母语者习得这两个助词的情况,所分析的声学参数包括两个助词所在音节起始塞音的VOT、音节起始塞音的变体和两个助词所在音节的基频,并在基频分析的基础上针对普通话母语者和日语母语者产出“か”的基频上升幅度差异进行了感知实验。本文的结果表明,普通话母语者产出“か”的起始塞音VOT比“が”的大,且“か”和“が”起始塞音的VOT值都大于0;普通话母语者产出“か”和“が”起始塞音的VOT都比日语母语者的大;普通话母语者和日语母语者“か”和“が”的起始塞音和基频都存在个体差异;普通话母语者“か”的基频上升幅度比日语母语者的小,但日语母语者难以觉察这一差异。本文的结果与SLM、SLM-r和PAM-L2的预测结果相符。
Previous studies have revealed that native Mandarin speakers(MSs)often make errors in learning two Japanese particles,“か/ka/”and“が/ga/”when they are located at the end of a sentence,yet few studies gave quantitative phonetic analyses on the errors.In the present study,we conducted an acoustic experiment to compare acoustic features of“か”and“が”pronounced by MSs and native Japanese speakers(JPs),focusing on VOT values of the syllables of“か”and“が”,phonetic variants of syllableinitial stops in“か”and“が”and the F0 of the syllables of“か”and“が”.Subsequently,we conducted a perception experiment to observe whether JSs are sensitive to the difference between the F0 rising magnitudes of“か”pronounced by the two groups,aiming to determine if JSs are sensitive to the difference.The results are as follows:First,the VOTs of the wordinitial stops of“か”are longer than those of“が”for MSs,and the VOTs of the wordinitial stops of both“か”and“が”are greater than 0.Secondly,the VOTs of the wordinitial stops of both“か”and“が”pronounced by MSs are longer than those of JPs,respectively,indicating that the wordinitial stops of“か”pronounced by MSs exhibit longer aspiration than those of JPs,and the wordinitial stops ofがby MSs a stronger devoicing tendency than those of JPs.Thirdly,both MSs and JPs have individual differences in pronunciation of the wordinitial stops and F0 of“か”and“が”.Finally,the F0 rising magnitude of“か”pronounced by MSs is smaller than that by JPs;however,JSs are unable to recognize the difference between the two groups.This suggests that the observed F0 rising magnitude difference may not be phonologically important in Japanese.The results are consistent with the predictions of SLM,SLMr and PAML2.
作者
李思娴
王韫佳
LI Sixian;WANG Yunjia
出处
《中国语音学报》
2024年第2期150-165,共16页
Chinese Journal of Phonetics
关键词
日语助词“か”
日语助词“が”
普通话母语者
VOT
基频
Japanese particles“ka”
Japanese particles“ga”
Native Mandarin speakers
VOT
Fundamental frequency
