摘要
Balo同心圆硬化(BCS)是一种罕见的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病,曾被认为是多发性硬化的一种变体,其病变以髓鞘脱失区及髓鞘保留区交替排列呈同心圆改变、形成类似树木年轮样改变为主要特征。通常为急性起病且临床表现形式复杂多样。既往BCS的诊断主要依赖尸检,随着磁共振成像技术的广泛应用,目前确诊的病例数逐渐增加,显著提升了临床对BCS的诊治效率。但目前国内外仍以个案报道居多。文中现就BCS的流行病学、病因及诱因、发病机制、神经病理学特征、临床表现和鉴别诊断及其与多发性硬化之间的关系、辅助检查、治疗等方面进行综述。
Balo′s concentric sclerosis(BCS)is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system,once considered a variant of multiple sclerosis.It is characterized by alternating layers of demyelinated and myelinated regions in a concentric pattern,resembling tree rings.The disease typically has an acute onset and diverse clinical manifestations.In the past,diagnosis of BCS primarily relied on autopsy;however,with the widespread application of magnetic resonance imaging,the number of confirmed cases has gradually increased,significantly improving the efficiency of clinical diagnosis and treatment.Nevertheless,most reports both domestically and internationally remain limited to individual cases.This article provides a review of the epidemiology,etiology,predisposing factors,pathogenesis,neuropathological features,clinical manifestations,differential diagnosis,relationship with multiple sclerosis,auxiliary examinations,and treatment of BCS.
作者
王子宇
朱雨岚
Wang Ziyu;Zhu Yulan(Department of Neurology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,China)
出处
《中华神经科杂志》
北大核心
2025年第11期1240-1244,共5页
Chinese Journal of Neurology
关键词
巴洛同心圆硬化
同心轴周脑炎
脱髓鞘疾病
Balo's concentric sclerosis
Encephalitis periaxialis concentrica
Demyelinating diseases
