摘要
为了评估目前中国养殖虾白斑综合征(White spot disease,WSD)的防控压力,采用基因分型和系统发育分析等方法对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)、南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)、斑节对虾(P.monodon)、日本对虾(P.japonicus)等4个物种的60份样本进行研究。结果显示,基于ORF14/15序列分析,所有毒株均属于Ⅰ型,未检出Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型毒株;ORF75系统发育分析表明所有样本均属于Ⅱ亚型,未发现Ⅰ亚型。总体来说,我国WSD防控压力正在减轻。在海水对虾中检测到17种ORF75基因型,而小龙虾中仅存在3种。其中基因型a-L-c-MP-f为小龙虾所特有。基因型M-f-c占比最高,在对虾中占比20.83%,在小龙虾中高达60%。不同地区的基因型多样性存在差异,面临的WSD防控压力也不同。但外源白斑综合征病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)新基因型的入侵风险依然存在,建议在进出口检疫和国内WSSV监测中采用本研究介绍的分型体系,以应对潜在的新基因型威胁,实现WSD的精准防控。
A total of 60 samples from four species(Procambarus clarkii,Litopenaeus vannamei,Penaeus monodon and P.japonicus)were studied using genotyping and phylogenetic analysis to assess the current prevention and control pressure of white spot disease(WSD)in farmed shrimp in China.The results showed that ORF14/15 sequence analysis classified all strains as type I,with no detection of typeⅡorⅢ.The ORF75-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that all samples belonged to subtypeⅡ,with no subtype I detected.These findings indicated a gradual decline in WSD transmission pressure in China.In the samples,marine shrimp exhibited 17 distinct ORF75 genotypes,while only three were identified in crayfish.The genotype a-L-c-M-P-f was unique to crayfish.The predominant genotype,M-f-c,accounted for 20.83%of marine shrimp isolates and 60%of crayfish isolates.Genotype diversity varied regionally,resulting in differing WSD control challenges across regions.However,the risk of invasion by exogenous white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)genotypes persists.It is recommended to adopt the typing system introduced in this paper for import and export quarantine,as well as domestic WSSV surveillance,to address potential threats from novel genotypes and achieve precise prevention and control of WSD.
作者
金慧玲
刘晓玲
曾勇
JIN Huiling;LIU Xiaoling;ZENG Yong(College of Life Sciences,Yantai University,Yantai 264006,Shandong,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
北大核心
2025年第6期41-49,共9页
Freshwater Fisheries
关键词
白斑综合征病毒
分型体系
系统发育树
分子流行病学调查
white spot syndrome virus
typing system
phylogenetic tree
molecular epidemiological investigation
