摘要
旅行文学自《奥德赛》《埃涅阿斯纪》起,经由《马可·波罗游记》《英格兰民族重要的航海、航行和发现》,至现代《在路上》与《印度三部曲》,始终在史诗、游记、小说、航海记等多重范式中生成与交织。然而除少数经典外,旅行文学长期被忽视的原因在于学界对其人类学意义与文类归属缺乏清晰认知。为重塑其学术地位,本文拟从四个维度切入:在范式层面,揭示其跨史诗—游记—朝圣录—航海记谱系的多样性与互渗性,以及在口述、书写、印刷与数字媒介转换中的混成特征;在定义层面,探讨其与诗、史、散文、小说等文类的边界与张力;在实践层面,剖析人称选择、虚构与纪实交错、空间书写及他者建构等机制;在互文层面,揭示旅行叙事如何推动小说与诗歌的情节、抒情节律与人物塑造。由此,旅行文学展现出阈限性与跨界性,为整体文学体系的建构提供新的理论视角。
Travel literature,beginning with The Odyssey and The Aeneid,and continuing through The Travels of Marco Polo,The Principal Navigations,Voyages,Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation,to modern works such as On the Road and The India Trilogy,has always emerged and intertwined across multiple paradigms—epic,travelogue,novel,and voyage narrative.However,apart from a few canonical works,it has long been marginalized,largely due to insufficient attention to its anthropological significance and the ambiguity of its generic classification.To reposition travel literature within the literary system,this paper proposes an approach from four interrelated dimensions:at the paradigmatic level,it uncovers the diversity and interpenetration within the genealogy that spans epic,travelogue,pilgrimage,and voyage narrative,along with its hybrid features generated through shifts in media—from oral to written,from print to digital;at the definitional level,it examines the boundaries,tensions,and legitimacy of the genre vis--vis poetry,history,prose,and the novel;at the practical level,it analyzes mechanisms such as narrative perspective,the interplay of fiction and documentary,spatial writing,and the construction of the Other;and at the intertextual level,it demonstrates how travel narratives structurally inform the plot,lyric rhythm,and character formation in novels and poetry.In this way,travel literature emerges as a liminal and transgressive genre,offering a new theoretical lens for the configuration of the broader literary system.
出处
《上海交通大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第11期67-81,共15页
Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“英国旅行文学史”(22&ZD288)
国家社科基金一般项目“英国旅行文学史”(22BWW056)
国家社科基金一般项目“近现代英国作家南亚东南亚旅行叙事与文化殖民研究”(22BWW022)。
关键词
旅行文学
定义之维
杂体范式
描述性
规定性
travel literature
definition
hybrid category
descriptive
prescriptive
