摘要
佛手散被《古代经典名方目录(第二批)》收录,为《妇人大全良方》(以下简称《良方》)所载,组成为当归、川芎、黄芪、北柴胡、前胡。而经查阅发现,历代流传更广的为仅有当归、川芎2味的佛手散,又名“芎归汤”。芎归汤首见于宋代许叔微的《普济本事方》,后世传承的佛手散多以该方为范例进行应用。通过系统整理古今文献,采用文献计量学的方法对《良方》佛手散及芎归汤的历史源流、组成、基原、炮制、剂量、煎服法及主治病证进行考证分析。发现《良方》佛手散的药物由当归、川芎、黄芪、北柴胡、前胡组成,基原分别为伞形科植物当归Angelica sinensis的干燥根茎、伞形科植物川芎Ligusticum chuanxiong的干燥根茎、豆科植物蒙古黄芪Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus或膜荚黄芪A.membranaceus的干燥根、伞形科植物柴胡Bupleurum chinense的干燥根及伞形科植物白花前胡Peucedanum praeruptorum的干燥根,均为生品,药物剂量为当归、川芎、黄芪各4.10 g,柴胡、前胡各0.04 g;煎服法为将以上5味药粉碎为粗末,粉碎粒径为2~4 mm,每服12.39 g,以水600 mL,取桃枝、柳枝各9.42 cm,乌梅0.5 g,枣3 g,生姜3 g,煎至360 mL,去药渣,温服。若有痰,去乌梅;可益气养血,行气散邪,治产后血虚劳倦,盗汗,多困少力,咳嗽有痰。芎归汤组成包括川芎、当归,药物基原为伞形科植物当归Angelica sinensis的干燥根茎、伞形科植物川芎Ligusticum chuanxiong的干燥根茎,炮制推荐当归酒用,川芎用生品;药物剂量为当归4.95 g,川芎3.30 g;煎服法为将以上2味药粉碎为粗末,粉碎粒径为2~4 mm,每服8.26 g,加水180 mL,煎至欲干,再加酒600 mL,煮一沸,去滓温服;具有养血活血,行气散瘀的功效,主治胎前、产后一切诸证及一切失血证。
Foshousan is included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Formula(Second Batch)and is recorded in An Complete Collection of Effective Prescription for Women(hereinafter referred to Liangfang).The formula in Liangfang contains five herbs:Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Astragali Radix,Bupleurum Radix,and Peucedani Radix.Research shows that a two-herb version composed only of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma,also called"Xionggui Tang",was more widely transmitted in the past dynasties.Xionggui Tang was first recorded in Experimental Formulas for Universal Relief written by XU Shuwei in the Song Dynasty and has since served as a paradigm for later applications.Through the systematic collation of ancient and modern literature,the historical origin,composition,botanical origins,processing,dosage,decoction methods and indications of the five-herb Foshousan in Liangfang and of Xionggui Tang were investigated and analyzed by bibliometric methods.The results showed that the five-herb Foshousan in Liangfang was composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Astragali Radix,Bupleuri Radix,and Peucedani Radix.Their botanical origins were the dried rhizome of Angelica sinensis,the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong,the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus or A.membranaceus,the dried root of Bupleurum chinense,and the dried root of Peucedanum praeruptorum.All herbs were used raw.The dosage was 4.10 g of each of Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,and Astragali Radix,and O.04 g each of Bupleuri Radix and Peucedani Radix.The decoction method was to crush the five herbs into coarse powder with a particle size of 24 mm,12.39 g per dose,decocted with 600 mL of water together with 9.42 cm of peach branch and willow branch respectively,0.5 g of black plum,3 g of Jujubae Fructus and 3 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,until 360 mL remained,remove the residue and take the decoction warm.If there was phlegm,black plum was omitted.The formula could tonify Qi and nourish blood,promote Qi movement and disperse evil,and was indicated for postpartum blood deficiency with fatigue,night sweating,somnolence with debility,and cough with phlegm.Xionggui Tang consisted of Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Astragali Sinensis Radix.Their botanical origins were the dried rhizomes of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong.The recommended processing was Angelica sinensis Radix with wine and Chuanxiong Rhizoma raw.The dosage was 4.95 g of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and 3.30 g of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.The decoction method was to crush the two herbs into coarse powder with a particle size of 2-4 mm,8.26 g per dose,decoct with 180 mL of water until nearly dry,then add 600 mL of wine,bring to a boil once,remove the residue,and take warm.This formula nourishes and activates blood,moves Qi and resolves stasis,and can be used for all prenatal and postpartum symptoms and all blood loss symptoms.
作者
郭妹冉
梁绿圆
曹佳蕾
魏文希
刘珂珂
魏炳琦
唐箐
常雨洁
李静雯
马丙祥
史文丽
GUO Meiran;LIANG Lyuyuan;CAO Jialei;WEI Wenxi;LIU Keke;WEI Bingqi;TANG Qing;CHANG Yujie;LI Jingwen;MA Bingxiang;SHI Wenli(Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050200,China;Pediatrics Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450099,China;School of Pediatrics,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Zhengzhou Scidrive Pharmaceutical Technology Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Henan Liang Jishi Research Institute of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Traditional Chinese Medicine School,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;School of Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第23期199-210,共12页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81973904)
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81904252)
国家中医药传承创新中心科研专项(2023ZXZX1060)
河南省特色骨干学科中医学学科建设项目(STG-ZYX06-202144,STG-ZYXKY-2020023)
河南省中医学“双一流”创建科学研究专项课题(HSRP-DFCTCM-2023-2-08,HSRP-DFCTCM-2023-2-08)
河南省自然科学基金项目(242300421299)
河南省科技厅科技发展计划项目(222102310454)。
关键词
佛手散
源流
剂量
煎服法
经典名方
Foshousan
historicalorigin
dosage
decoctionmethod
classicformula
