摘要
因垂直轴风力机固有的攻角大幅变化及动态失速特性,导致其在阵风环境下的风能利用率相较于稳态风显著降低。受鸟类在阵风中通过羽毛自适应抬起以抑制流动分离现象的启发,提出将自适应弹片安装于垂直轴风力机叶片内侧的仿生设计,以实现阵风下的流动控制。利用自编译程序构建随机阵风模型,并通过计算流体力学方法研究自适应弹片的不同弦向位置对风力机气动性能及流场特征的影响。结果表明:在风速波动频率为0.5 Hz的极端阵风下,自适应弹片可减小叶片吸力面流动分离区域的涡尺度,从而提升风力机性能;当自适应弹片位于翼型距前缘0.4c时,弹片具有相对最佳的控制效果,可更好地抑制阵风波动,使叶片获能相对稳定,进而显著提升风力机气动性能。
Vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT)exhibit a significant reduction in wind energy utilization efficiency under gust conditions compared to steady-state wind conditions,primarily due to their inherent large variations in angle of attack and dynamic stall characteristics.Inspired by the phenomenon of birds suppressing flow separation by erecting their feathers in gusty winds adaptively,the biomimetic design of mounting adaptive flap on the inner side of VAWT blades was proposed to realize flow control under gust conditions.A self-developed program was used to construct a stochastic gust model,and computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods were employed to investigate the effects of adaptive flaps at different chordwise positions on the aerodynamic performance and flow field characteristics of the wind turbine.The results indicate that under the extreme gust with a wind velocity fluctuation frequency of O.5 Hz,adaptive flaps can reduce the vortex scale in the flow separation region on the suction side of the blades,thereby enhancing the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine.When the adaptive flap is installed at O.4c position from the leading edge of the airfoil,it demonstrates relatively optimal control effectiveness,better suppressing gust fluctuations,stabilizing the energy capture of the blades,and consequently more significantly improving the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine.
作者
冉振旭
潘雨润
缪维跑
欧华浩
李春
RAN Zhenxu;PAN Yurun;MIAO Weipao;OU Huahao;LI Chun(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China,Post Code:200093;Shanghai Institute of Non-Carbon-Based Energy Conversion and Utilization,Shanghai,China,Post Code:200240)
出处
《热能动力工程》
北大核心
2025年第10期170-180,共11页
Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power
基金
国家重点研发计划(2024YFA1012501)
国家自然科学基金(52376204,52476212)
上海市Ⅳ类高峰学科-能源科学与技术-上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院建设项目。
关键词
垂直轴风力机
自适应弹片
阵风
流动控制
流动分离
vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT)
adaptive flap
gust wind
flow control
flow separation
