摘要
铜及铜合金因优异的导电、导热性及耐腐蚀性能,在航空航天、轨道交通、国防军事等关键领域广泛应用。然而,铜合金的高导热性和强氧化性使得采用传统熔化焊接工艺难以实现良好的连接效果,极易产生气孔、裂纹等焊接缺陷。搅拌摩擦焊作为一种固相连接技术,能够有效克服这些问题,得到高质量的铜及铜合金焊接接头。铜及铜合金搅拌摩擦焊接的研究主要聚焦于工艺优化和组织性能调控两方面,包括焊具磨损和结构优化、数值仿真、接头微观组织与综合性能调控以及新型工艺探索等,但目前仍旧缺乏深入且统一的认识。因此,文章详细论述了铜及铜合金在搅拌摩擦焊接方面的研究现状,对目前存在的问题进行了详细的整理和阐释,对未来铜及铜合金搅拌摩擦焊接的研究与发展方向提出了新的见解与展望。
Copper and copper alloys are widely used in aerospace,rail transportation,national defence and military and other key areas due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.However,the high thermal conductivity and strong oxidation of copper alloys make it difficult to achieve a good connection using the traditional fusion welding process,and it is very easy to produce porosity,cracks and other welding defects.Friction stir welding,as a solid connection technology,can effectively overcome these problems and obtain high-quality copper and copper alloy welded joints.The research on friction stir welding of copper and copper alloy mainly focuses on process optimisation and organisational property regulation,including the optimisation of the wear and structure of welding tools,numerical simulation,the regulation of the microstructure and overal performances of joints,and the exploration of new processes,etc.,but there is still a lack of in-depth and unified understanding.Therefore,the article discusses in detail the current research status of copper and copper alloys in friction stir welding,makes a detailed organisation and explanation of the existing problems,and puts forward new insights and outlooks on the future research and development direction of friction stir welding of copper and copper alloys.
作者
曹鹏
李雨
高士康
马领航
刘新洋
梁涛
周利
CAO Peng;LI Yu;GAO Shikang;MA Linghang;LIU Xinyang;LIANG Tao;ZHOU Li(Jining Harbor and Navigation Development Center,Jining 272000,China;State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding&Joining of Materials and Structures,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai,Weihai 264209,China)
出处
《机械制造文摘(焊接分册)》
2025年第5期38-48,共11页
Welding Digest of Machinery Manufacturing
关键词
搅拌摩擦焊
铜合金
焊具结构设计
数值模拟
微观组织
力学性能
导电性
导热性
friction stir welding
copper alloy
structural design of welding tools
numerical simulation
microstructure
mechanical properties
electrical conductivity
thermal conductivity
