摘要
智能技术模糊了工作与生活之界限,催生出保障劳动者离线权的现实需求。离线权本质上是休息权在数智时代的延伸,其制度设计既要充分保障劳动者休息权益,也要防止过度保护削弱其可持续性。因此,离线权的有效行使需在劳动者个体权利与用人单位管理需求之间寻求动态平衡。这要求避免刚性规则造成的不当负担,兼顾经济发展与企业竞争力;也应重拾中国集体主义传统文化与公共利益优先原则,实现权利的本土化调适;还需考量行业特性、岗位差异及突发状况等具体因素,进行离线权行使的场景化评估。在实现路径上,需构建多层次协同机制,立法层面明确离线权行使的基础框架和底线标准,并依托集体协商机制细化权利内容与实施方式,在企业内部经民主程序制定合理规则加以落实。另外,有必要调适传统工时刚性规定与设定科学劳动定额,以有效推动技术赋能与人性化的劳动新秩序之形成。
Intelligent technologies have blurred work-life boundaries,creating practical needs for safeguarding workers’right to disconnect.Essentially,this right constitutes an extension of the right to rest in the digital intelligence era.Its institutional design must balance robust protection of workers’rest rights while preventing sustainability erosion through excessive regulation.Effective exercise of this right necessitates dynamic equilibrium between individual workers’rights and employers’managerial imperatives.This entails avoiding undue burdens from rigid rules while accommodating economic development and business competitiveness;revitalizing China’s collectivist ethos for localized institutional adaptation;and conducting contextualized assessments accounting for sectoral characteristics,job-specific requirements,and emergent situations.To translate this right into practice,implementation strategies are crucial.A multi-level coordination mechanism should be established:legislation defines the fundamental frameworks and baseline standards refines substantive content and implementation modes;enterprises formulate reasonable rules through democratic procedures.In addition,it is necessary to adjust traditional rigid working-time regulations and establishing scientific workload quotas to effectively promote the formation of a new,technology-empowered and human-centered labor order.
作者
郑尚元
傅成
Zheng Shangyuan;Fu Cheng(School of Law, Tsinghua University)
出处
《社会科学研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期134-143,222,共11页
Social Science Research
基金
2024年度清华大学文科自主科研项目“新就业形态劳动者权益保护研究”(20245080018)。
关键词
劳动者
劳动基准
离线权
休息权
工作时间
Workers
Labor Standards
Right to Disconnect
Right to Rest
Working Time
