摘要
为了掌握齐齐哈尔地区防护林资源现状,针对存在的问题提出改善措施,促进防护林提质增效,助力“三北”六期工程建设。以松嫩平原西部的齐齐哈尔市退化防护林为研究对象,采用样地调查与专家咨询的方式建立以林分结构、林分活力、立地条件及健康因子为一级指标的退化防护林健康评价指标体系,采用黄金分割法量化指标等级并进行划分,采用层次分析法确定各评价指标权重,构建评价模型,并对所辖9个县的退化防护林进行评价。结果表明,齐齐哈尔市防护林类型主要以小黑杨为主,调查占比67.3%。确定了18个二级指标,其中疏透度的综合权重值最高(0.3019)。齐齐哈尔市退化防护林健康指数分布范围为0.50~0.90,健康指数均值为0.6878,整体处于亚健康状态(0.60≤HI<0.70)。5种防护林类型健康指数排序为小黑杨(0.6968)>樟子松(0.6755)>其他杨(0.6719)>兴安落叶松(0.6618)>红皮云杉(0.6538),参试地域中克东县(0.6649)和讷河市(0.6726)的防护林健康指数相对较低,应加大监管及补植等措施的管护力度,以实现防护林可持续发展。
In order to master the current situation of shelterbelt resources in Qiqihar Area,in response to the existing problems,improvement measures should be proposed to enhance the quality and efficiency of the shelterbelt and support the construction of the sixth phase of Sanbei Shelterbelt Project.Taking the degraded shelterbelt in Qiqihar City in the western of Songnen Plain as the research object,a health evaluation index system for degraded shelterbelt was established by plot investigation and expert consultation,with stand structure,stand vitality,site conditions and health factors as the first-level indicators.The golden section method was adopted to quantify and classify the index grades.The Delphi-AHP was adopted to determine the weights of each evaluation index,constructed an evaluation model,and evaluated the degraded shelterbelts in the 9 counties of Qiqihar.The results showed that the main type of shelterbelt in Qiqihar City was Populus X.,accounting for 67.3%of the survey.Eighteen secondary indicators were determined,while the comprehensive weight value of porosity was the highest(0.3019).The health index distribution range of the degraded shelterbelt in Qiqihar City was 0.50 to 0.90,with an average health index of 0.6878.The overall situation was in a sub-healthy state(0.60≤HI<0.70).The health index ranking of the five types was as follows,Populus X.(0.6968)>Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Litv.(0.6755)>Other poplar(0.6719)>Larix gmelinii Kuzen.(0.6618)>Picea koraiensis Nakai.(0.6538).The health index of shelterbelts in Kedong County(0.6649)and Nenhe City(0.6726)counties was relatively low.Measures such as supervision and replanting should be strengthened to ensure the sustainable development of shelterbelts.
作者
方玉凤
崔琳
王力刚
季晓慧
赵影
张强
FANG Yufeng;CUI Lin;WANG Ligang;JI Xiaohui;ZHAO Ying;ZHANG Qiang(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Qiqihar 161005,China;Heilongjiang Qitaihe Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station,Qitaihe 154600,China;Heilongjiang Songnen Plain Farmland Shelterbelt Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Qiqihar 161005,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture,Shengyang 110016,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2025年第11期43-48,56,共7页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
黑龙江省省属科研院所基本科研业务费资金项目(CZKYF2024Q001,C2KYF2025-1-C040)
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD150020204,2024YFD1500200)。
