摘要
上海硬X射线自由电子激光装置(Shanghai HIgh repetitioN rate XFEL and Extreme light facility,SHINE)是正在建设的高重复频率、高亮度脉冲X射线光源。在SHINE的建设与运行阶段,均需对到达后端光束线站的X射线自由电子激光(X-ray Free-Electron Laser,XFEL)脉冲强度进行诊断测量。SHINE装置的特性对测量系统的动态范围及测量频率提出了高要求。本文实现了一套基于光电二极管的XFEL脉冲测量系统,设计并制作了其中用于光电二极管信号读出的放大电路。该放大电路主体基于跨阻放大器设计,可实现对光电二极管的高重频信号读出,带宽满足光电二极管的带宽要求,且通过高速模拟开关实现不同增益放大电路的选择。实验表明,多次测试下:百倍增益通道的输出噪声约为0.493 mV,信噪比为38.73 dB,增益相对标准差为1.75%;千倍增益通道的输出噪声约为7.964 mV,信噪比为32.45 dB,增益相对标准差为1.29%。该系统的动态范围为单脉冲电荷量3 pC到25 nC。
The Shanghai HIgh repetitioN rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility(SHINE)is an X-ray free-electron laser(XFEL)currently under construction that will deliver ultrabright,high-repetition-rate X-ray pulses.During both commissioning and routine operation,accurate diagnosis of the pulse intensity delivered to the end-station beamlines is essential.The characteristics of SHINE place stringent demands on the dynamic range and sampling rate of any diagnostic system.We have developed a photodiode-based pulse-intensity monitor for SHINE.A dedicated transimpedance amplifier(TIA)was designed and fabricated to read out the photodiode signals at the full machine repetition rate while preserving the intrinsic bandwidth of the detector:A high-speed analog switch allows on-the-fly selection among multiple gain stages.Repeated characterization shows that the 100-gain channel exhibits an output noise of 0.493 mV,a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of 38.73 dB,and a gain stability(relative standard deviation)of 1.75%.The 1000-gain channel yields an output noise of 7.964 mV,an SNR of 32.45 dB,and a gain stability of 1.29%.The system achieves a linear dynamic range spanning single-pulse charges from 3 pC to 25 nC.
作者
赵建锟
夏经铠
柳学榕
ZHAO Jiankun;XIA Jingkai;LIU Xuerong(ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China)
出处
《核电子学与探测技术》
北大核心
2025年第11期1714-1721,共8页
Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12005134)
国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFF0608303)。
