摘要
随着现代公司治理模式的演变,实践中,控制股东滥用控制力、掠夺公司利益的现象屡见不鲜,严重侵害了公司及非控制股东的合法权益。公司治理现代化进程中,控制权滥用规制范式的理论建构与司法判例协同演进,确立了控制股东信义义务的强制性要求。该制度的核心争议在于其与传统资本多数决原则的体系性冲突:既消解了股东平等原则下的权利配置逻辑,亦形成对公司财产独立性与意思自治原则的双重解构效应。在英美德等国的公司法立法与实践中,已形成各具特色的控制股东信义义务规制体系。尽管新颁布的《公司法》通过规范“双重控制人”在一定程度上对控制股东进行了规制,但并未直接针对控制股东,规制力度仍有待加强。因此,为确保公司治理与市场运营秩序,完善控制股东滥权追责机制至关重要。只有将滥权责任明确落实到控制股东身上,才能有效保障公司及中小股东的利益;同时,在公司已被控制股东掌控的情况下,确保救济措施所返还的权益真正惠及中小股东,构建和完善中小股东救济渠道尤为关键。
As the modern corporate governance model evolves,in practice,it is not uncommon for controlling shareholders to abuse their control and exploit company interests,severely infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of both the company and non-controlling shareholders.To address the issue of abuse of power by controlling shareholders,both the theoretical community of corporate law and judicial practice emphasize that controlling shareholders should bear fiduciary duties.The main controversy regarding the fiduciary duties of controlling shareholders lies in its conflict with traditional corporate governance theory,which not only undermines the shareholder rights protection mechanism under the principle of equal shares but also shakes the foundation of corporate legal independence.In the corporate law legislation and practices of countries such as the UK,US and Germany,distinctive regulatory systems for the fiduciary duties of controlling shareholders have been established.Although the recently enacted Company Law has regulated"dual controllers"to some extent,it does not directly target controlling shareholders,and the regulatory efforts need to be strengthened.Therefore,to ensure corporate governance and market operation order,it is crucial to improve the accountability mechanism for the abuse of power by controlling shareholders.Only by clearly attributing the responsibility for abuse of power to controlling shareholders can the interests of the company and small and medium shareholders be effectively protected;at the same time,when a company is controlled by a shareholder,ensuring that the rights returned through relief measures truly benefit small and medium shareholders is particularlycritical.
作者
崔金珍
王泽
Cui Jinzhen;Wang Ze(School of Law,Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin 300222)
出处
《天津法学》
2025年第3期52-60,共9页
Tianjin Legal Science
基金
国家社科基金中华学术外译项目“《法治及其本土资源》(朝鲜语/韩语版)”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:22WFXB014。
关键词
新公司法
控制股东
信义义务
公司治理
New Company Law
controlling shareholders
fiduciary duties
corporate governance
