摘要
为探究光伏-空气源热泵(photovoltaic-air source heat pump,PV-ASHP)供热系统在严寒地区最冷季节运行时热泵的能效比(coefficient of performance,COP)和光伏发电效率特性,该研究在黑龙江省安达市的一个鹅舍中设计安装了一套光伏驱动空气源热泵供热系统,并获取了最冷日期的运行数据。研究结果表明:在热泵定流量运行模式下,系统制热量和供回水温度与室外环境温度呈正相关,而热泵输入功率和供回水温差保持相对稳定;热泵COP与制热量及室外温度均呈现显著相关性,在日平均温度为-21.31℃的极寒条件下,系统全日平均COP为1.81,当温度降至-28.99℃时,瞬时COP降低至1.21;光伏系统性能测试显示,试验期间总装机容量7.98 kW的光伏组件最大日发电量为37.3 kWh,平均日发电量达27.6 kWh,峰值瞬时发电功率为6211.2W;光伏瞬时发电量与太阳辐射强度在不同天气条件下均呈现稳定的正相关关系;系统能量平衡分析表明,光伏发电量可满足热泵16.7%的用电需求,其余电能由电网补充。该研究可为严寒地区光伏-空气源热泵供热系统的优化设计与运行调控提供重要的理论依据和技术支撑。
Air source heat pump(ASHP)systems have been widely adopted in civil building heating due to their high energy efficiency,environmental friendliness,low operating costs,and simple structure.Some significant challenges still remained in their widespread application in the high-latitude severe cold regions.Extremely low temperatures can lead to a substantial decline in the coefficient of performance(COP)of the ASHP systems,directly limiting their large-scale adoption for the livestock building heating in these areas.Among them,the COP has been one of the most important parameters to evaluate the suitability of ASHPs in frigid climates.The real-time COP measurement data under extreme weather conditions can also hold the crucial theoretical and practical value in the livestock farming industry.The ASHP technology can exhibit significant advantages in utilizing the low-grade energy sources.However,the electricity is often required for the fossil fuels at present.Alternatively,renewable energy power supply can be expected to further enhance the energy-saving and emission-reduction potential of heat pump systems.This study aims to systematically investigate the photovoltaic(PV)system’s power generation efficiency at different times of the day,as well as the coupling efficiency between PV power generation and ASHP operation.The PV-ASHP heating was then optimized to evaluate the COP and the PV power generation efficiency during the coldest season in severe cold regions.A PV-driven ASHP heating system was established for a goose house in Anda City in Heilongjiang province.The ASHP system consisted of three subsystems:the heat pump heating unit,heat production monitoring,and the electricity consumption monitoring system.Meanwhile,the PV power generation was composed of three components:PV modules,inverters,and grid-connected control cabinets.As such,the power generation-conversion-grid was integrated into one complete system.Systematic experiments were conducted to acquire the operational data during the coldest periods between January and February 2024.The results indicated that the heating capacity and supply/return water temperature shared positive correlations with the outdoor ambient temperature under constant flow operation mode,while the heat pump's input power and temperature difference between supply and return water remained relatively stable.The COP of the ASHP demonstrated that there were significant correlations with both heating capacity and outdoor temperature.The full-day average COP reached 1.81 under extreme cold conditions with a daily average temperature of-21.31℃.There was then a decrease to 1.21,when the temperature dropped to-28.99℃.The performance tests of the PV system revealed that the maximum daily power generation reached 37.3 kW·h,with an average daily output of 27.6 kW·h and a peak instantaneous power of 6211.2 W.The instantaneous PV power generation maintained a stable positive correlation with the solar radiation intensity under various weather conditions.The PV modules were evaluated as a peak power of 7.98 kW,according to the rated input power(7.0 kW)of the ASHP under standard heating conditions.The operational data revealed that this configuration only achieved a 16.7%power self-sufficiency rate.Therefore,it is recommended to increase the PV array capacity,and then integrate an energy storage system in the practical engineering applications,in order to enhance the performance of the PV system.This finding can also provide the technical references and data support for the optimal control of PV-ASHP heating systems in severe cold regions.
作者
邓书辉
李逸明
张昊
汝林
李嘉位
崔卫国
DENG Shuhui;LI Yiming;ZHANG Hao;RU Lin;LI Jiawei;CUI Weiguo(College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;College of Informatics,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Agriculture,Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第19期227-234,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
农业智能技术教育部工程研究中心开放课题资助项目(ERCITAKF001)
黑龙江省“双一流”特色学科平台项目(HLJTSXK2022)
黑龙江八一农垦大学学成、引进人才科研启动项目(XDB-2016-06)。
关键词
空气源热泵
光伏
能效比
严寒地区
鹅舍
air source heat pump
photovoltaic
coefficient of performance
severe cold region
goose house
