摘要
为了协调肉鸡养殖场供暖和空气质量问题,试验选取德州市某规模化肉鸡养殖场A1、A2、A3 3个规格一致的鸡舍,分别接入同批次的1日龄肉鸡38 000只,A1栋鸡舍采用空气源热泵环控技术供暖,A2栋鸡舍采用传统的燃气锅炉供暖,A3栋鸡舍使用燃煤锅炉供暖,A1栋鸡舍停止供暖后仍开启新风系统。3栋鸡舍分别取相同位置的3个测试点,分别于1,7,14,21,28,35,42日龄用温湿度露点记录仪在测试点测定3栋鸡舍温度;于21,28,35,42日龄用氨气检测仪在测试点测定3栋鸡舍氨气浓度;于28,35,42日龄分别对3栋鸡舍内3个测试点的肉鸡逐一称重,取平均值,同时统计3栋鸡舍所有肉鸡的死亡鸡只数,计算死亡率;统计试验期3栋鸡舍的耗料量,记录初始总体重、结束总体重,计算增加总体重、料重比、平均出栏体重。结果表明:3栋鸡舍的温度均能够满足肉鸡不同日龄所需的适宜温度条件,但A1栋鸡舍前、后温差小于A2、A3栋;42日龄时,A1栋鸡舍NH3浓度显著低于A2、A3栋鸡舍(P<0.05);A1栋鸡舍肉鸡出栏体重(42日龄体重)显著高于A2、A3栋鸡舍肉鸡(P<0.05);28,35,42日龄时,A1栋鸡舍肉鸡死亡率普遍低于A2、A3栋;A1栋鸡舍肉鸡料重比最低,比A3栋鸡舍低5.63%。说明装备空气源热泵环控技术供暖在保证肉鸡舍内温度的同时能有效降低舍内有害气体水平,并提高肉鸡生产性能。
In order to coordinate the problems between heating and air quality in broiler farms, three chicken houses with the same specifications, A1, A2 and A3 were selected from a large-scale broiler farm in Dezhou, and 38 000 1-day-old broilers from the same batch were accessed respectively, A1 chicken house is heated by air source heat pump environmental control technology, A2 chicken house is heated by traditional gas boiler, and A3 chicken house is heated by coal-fired boiler. After the heating was stopped, the fresh air system of A1 chicken house was still on. Three test points at the same location were taken from three chicken houses, and the temperature of the three houses was measured at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age respectively with temperature and humidity dew point recorders at the test points. Ammonia concentrations in three chicken houses were measured at 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age with an ammonia detector at the test points. At 28, 35 and 42 days of age, the broilers at three test points in three chicken houses were weighed one by one and the average value was taken, at the same time, the number of dead chickens in all broilers in the three chicken houses was counted and the mortality rate was calculated;the amount of feed consumption in the three chicken houses during the test period was counted and the initial total weight, end total weight were recorded, total weight added, feed-to-weight ratio and average slaughter weight were calculated. The results showed that the temperature of the three chicken houses could meet the suitable temperature conditions for broilers at different ages, but the temperature difference before and after the chicken house in A1 chicken house was less than that in A2 and A3 chicken house. At 42 days of age, the ammonia concentration of A1 chicken house was significantly lower than A2 and A3 chicken house(P<0.05). The slaughter weight(42-day-old weight) of broiler chickens in A1 chicken house was significantly higher than that of broiler chickens in A2 and A3 chicken house(P<0.05). At the 28,35,42 days of age, the mortality of chickens in A1 chicken house was generally lower than that of A2 and A3 chicken house, and the feed to weight ratio in A1 chicken house was generally lower than that of A2 and A3 chicken house and 5.63% lower than A3 chicken house. The results indicated that the heating system equipped with air source heat pump environmental control technology could not only ensure the temperature in the broiler house, but also effectively reduce the level of harmful gases in the poultry house and improve the performance of broilers.
作者
刘刚
王玉赛
吕延飞
王宏栋
付强
谭善云
张强
LIU Gang;WANG Yusai;LYU Yanfei;WANG Hongdong;FU Qiang;TAN Shanyun;ZHANG Qiang(Dezhou Agricultural and Rural Development Center,Dezhou 253015.China;Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dezhou 253015,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第20期51-54,共4页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
关键词
肉鸡
采暖
空气源热泵环控技术
空气质量
生产性能
broiler
heating
air source heat pump environmental control technology
air quality
production performance
