摘要
非物质文化遗产在现代语境中呈现“本生”与“衍生”并存的发展格局,二者在文化性、公共性与经济性维度上的属性交错,导致现行法律保护模式在适用路径上面临混乱与错配。本文提出,应以“文化生态”为基础划分本生与衍生,并进一步识别其内部的“公共性”与“经济性”,据此建构一套以“利益平衡”为核心、公私法协调并用的分层法律保护路径:对具有公共性特征的部分,采用以《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》为代表的公法进行整体性与本真性保护;对具经济性属性的组成要素,则引入《中华人民共和国著作权法》等私法予以规范化保护。在边界模糊处,应构建公私协同的动态机制,实现法律供给的有效匹配,从而推动非物质文化遗产在传承与创新之间实现规范治理与可持续发展。
In the modern context,intangible cultural heritage presents a developmental pattern where“original creation”and“derivative work”coexist.The overlapping attributes of the two in terms of cultural,public,and economic dimensions have resulted in confusion and misalignment in the application of existing legal protection models.This paper proposes that the distinction between original creation and derivative work should be based on“cultural ecology,”with a further identification of their inherent“public nature”and“economic nature.”On this basis,a hierarchical legal protection framework centered on“interest balance”and integrating the coordinated application of public and private laws should be constructed:For components with public characteristics,a public law approach,represented by the Intangible Cultural Heritage Law of the People's Republic of China,shall be adopted to ensure overall and authentic protection;for elements with economic attributes,private law mechanisms such as the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China shall be introduced for standardized protection.In areas with blurred boundaries,a dynamic mechanism of public-private collaboration should be established to achieve effective alignment of legal supply,thereby promoting the standardized governance and sustainable development of intangible cultural heritage in the balance between inheritance and innovation.
作者
吴楠
于之婷
Wu Nan;Yu Zhiting
出处
《民族大家庭》
2025年第3期70-82,共13页
National Family
基金
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“乡村振兴中民族地区非遗保护法律机制研究”(项目编号:23B0529)
吉首大学学位与研究生教学改革研究项目“铸牢中华民族共同体意识融入课程思政全过程的实践与创新以研究生公共必修课程《民族法学》为例”(项目编号:JG2023B01)
关键词
非物质文化遗产
文化生态
本生
衍生
法律保护路径
Intangible Cultural Heritage
Cultural Ecology
OriginalCreation
Derivative Work
Legal Protection Pathway
