摘要
中国境内的国际移民群体不是一种松散的个体集合,而是基于族裔聚居、族裔经济和族裔文化构成的移民社群,并呈现聚类成族的发展可能。而移民族体一旦形成,便会对当下以“民族”为单位、以民族区域自治制度为框架、以中华民族建设为重要内容的族际整合模式构成挑战。在这个课题上,西方国家对国民特性的坚守、移民的族群化定位、移民政策的及时调整等做法具有借鉴意义,同时也提供了诸多教训。对于中国而言,特别需要通过树立移民族体化防范意识、实施移民社群定位下法治化治理、创新国际移民小社会专项治理机制、开展国际移民社群的认同塑造等方面的系统谋划,来提前做好准备,形成防范措施和前瞻性的族际整合思维。
The international immigrant group in China is not a loose collection of individuals,but a community of immigrants based on ethnic settlement,ethnic economy and ethnic culture,and presents the possibility of cluster development.Once the immigrant ethnic body is formed,it will pose a challenge to the current inter-ethnic integration model,which takes"ethnic"as a unit,the system of regional ethnic autonomy as a framework,and the construction of the Chinese nation as an important content.On this topic,the western countries'adherence to the national characteristics,the ethnic orientation of immigrants,and the timely adjustment of immigration policies are of great significance for reference,and also provide many lessons.As far as China is concerned,it is particularly necessary to make preparations in advance and form preventive measures and forward–looking thinking of inter–ethnic integration through establishing a preventive awareness of the nationalization of international immigrant group,legalized governance under the positioning of possible new ethnic groups,innovating special governance mechanism for international immigrant small society,and carry out identity shaping for international immigrant group.
关键词
移民社群
族际整合
族体
民族认同
多民族国家
Immigrant community
inter-ethnic integration
ethnic group
national identity
multi-ethnic country
