摘要
随着我国高速铁路系统的持续扩展与技术升级,其运行环境中的电磁复杂性显著提升,尤其是外部强电磁干扰源的频繁出现,给系统的稳定运行带来了前所未有的安全隐患.传统以提升设备抗扰度为核心的电磁兼容技术体系,在面对系统外部随机强电磁干扰时表现出响应滞后、适应性差等局限,难以满足当前对系统功能稳定性、任务连续性及快速恢复能力的高要求.针对这些问题,本文系统梳理了我国在高速铁路电磁兼容领域的研究现状,重点分析了干扰源建模、耦合路径识别、关键设备抗干扰性能评估与系统级防护策略等核心技术内容.在此基础上,提出构建以“列车控制能力保持”为核心目标的电磁安全研究框架,旨在实现从“被动抗扰”向“智能防御、自主恢复”的转型,该框架涵盖干扰智能识别与感知、多物理场耦合网络建模、电磁干扰风险传播机理、主动防护技术与试验验证等关键环节.研究结果表明,电磁安全作为对传统电磁兼容体系的拓展,是保障我国高速铁路系统在复杂电磁环境下实现高安全、高可靠运行的关键路径.研究成果可为面向未来的高速铁路系统电磁防护设计与工程应用提供理论依据与技术参考.
With the continuous expansion and technological upgrading of China’s high-speed railway systems,the electromagnetic complexity of the operating environment has significantly increased.In particular,the frequent appearance of strong external electromagnetic interference sources has posed unprecedented challenges to the stable operation of the system.The traditional electromagnetic com patibility(EMC)framework,which focuses primarily on improving device immunity,shows evident limitations when dealing with random and strong external electromagnetic interference,such as delayed response and poor adaptability.These shortcomings make it difficult to meet the current high demands for system functional stability,mission continuity,and rapid recovery.To address these challenges,this paper systematically reviews the current research progress in the field of EMC for high-speed railways in China,with a particular focus on key technical aspects such as interference source modeling,coupling path identification,disturbance immunity evaluation of critical equipment,and system-level protection strategies.On this basis,a new research framework for electromagnetic safety is proposed,with train control capability retention as the core objective.This framework aims to shift from"passive immunity"to"intelligent defense and autonomous recovery,"and it includes essential components such as intelligent interference identification and perception,multi-physical-field coupled network modeling,electromagnetic interference risk propagation mechanisms,active protection technologies,and experimental validation methods.Research findings indicate that electromagnetic safety,as an extension of the traditional EMC system,represents a key pathway to ensuring the high safety and high reliability of high-speed railway systems under complex electromagnetic environments.The outcomes of this study can provide theoretical foundations and technical references for the future design and engineering implementation of electromagnetic protection in high-speed railway systems.
作者
闻映红
樊世豪
WEN Yinghong;FAN Shihao(School of Automation and Intelligence,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《北京交通大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期45-51,共7页
JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4301203-09)。
关键词
高速铁路
电磁兼容
电磁安全
主动防护
high-speed railway
electromagnetic compatibility
electromagnetic safety
active protection
