摘要
唐宋禅宗语录中附于偏句后表示主句事件发生的时间背景的“次”是一个方位词和时间后置词。相对于其他时间后置词,“次”的语义、功能较单一,只能附于表示已然事件的谓词语或句子后表时段概念。时间方位词“次”的直接语法化来源应该是处所方位词“次”而非名词词尾“次”,其语义演变是循着“空间的内部>时间”的普遍路径进行的,这样的语义演变亦可见于汉语其他方位词和外语中。在汉语方位词中,“次”是一个“动态概念”来源的方位词,与“後”“前”“内”等方位词的语源模式相同。
The cì(次)following a subordinate clause in Zen Sayings(禅宗语录)in Tang and Song Dynasties which indicates the time background of the main sentence event is a locative and a temporal post-position.Compared with other time post-positions,the meaning and function of cì(次)is relatively simple,which can only be attached to the clauses expressing the period of time of a past event.Temporal locatives cì(次)are grammaticalized from locatives cì(次)instead of noun suffixes cǐ(次)and their meanings have evolved through the general path of“the interior of space>period”.Such semantic evolution can also be found in other locatives in Chinese and foreign languages.In Chinese locatives,the cì(次)is a locative originating from a“dynamic concept”,similar to the etymological patterns of hòu(後),qían(前)and neì(内).
作者
闫梦月
YAN Meng-yue(College of Literal and Arts,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing,401331)
出处
《新疆大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第4期157-163,共7页
Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
重庆市社会科学规划年度-重点项目“近代汉语的句法主观化研究”(2023NDZD11)。
关键词
“次”
时间方位词
语义演变
语源模式
Zen Sayings(禅宗语录)
Temporal Locative Ci(次)
Semantic Change
Etymological Patterns
