摘要
面波勘探作为浅层地球物理勘探的重要方法,凭借其无损探测、高效采集和经济优势,在工程地质勘察、城市地下空间开发及地质灾害评估等领域得到广泛应用。然而,传统震源装置在复杂地质条件下普遍存在激发效率低、环境适应性差等问题,导致探测精度受限,制约了该方法在特殊场景下的工程适用性。本研究基于冲击地震波场耦合理论,采用TDIS(Tong Du Impact Source,TDIS)可控冲击震源技术,针对人工锤击、落锤震源和可控冲击震源三类激发装置,系统对比其在不同地质环境中的适应性。通过在强环境噪声干扰的城区、厚覆盖层郊野及薄松散层丘陵三类典型场地开展对比试验,综合原始数据质量、频散谱能量聚焦特性、反演模型与地质验证结果的一致性,得出以下结论:1)在城区强噪声背景下,可控冲击震源较人工锤击具有显著抗干扰优势,频散曲线连续性明显改善;2)相较于落锤震源,可控冲击震源在复杂地形适应性、设备便携性及连续采集效率方面更具优势;3)厚覆盖层场地中,可控震源展现出更大的有效探测深度;4)对于基岩埋深较浅的丘陵区,三类震源的勘探效果趋于一致。研究成果验证了可控冲击震源在提升复杂环境下面波勘探精度与探测深度方面的技术优势。
Surface wave exploration,as a significant method for shallow geophysical investigations,has been extensively applied in engineering geological surveys,urban underground space development,and geohazard assessments owing to its advantages of non-destructive detection,efficient data acquisition,and cost-effectiveness.However,conventional seismic sources often exhibit limitations such as low excitation efficiency and poor environmental adaptability in complex geological settings,leading to constrained detection accuracy and reduced engineering applicability of this method in specialized scenarios.This study employs Tong Du Impact Source(TDIS)controlled impact source technology,based on the coupling theory of impact seismic wavefields,to systematically compare the adaptability of three types of excitation devices-manual hammer excitation,drop-weight seismic sources,and controlled impact sources across diverse geological environments.Field experiments were conducted in three representative settings:noise-intensive urban areas,thick overburden-covered suburban regions,and hilly terrains with thin unconsolidated strata.By comprehensively evaluating raw data quality,dispersion spectrum energy focusing characteristics,and the consistency between inversion models and geological validation results,the following conclusions are revealed:1)under strong-noise urban conditions,the controlled impact source significantly outperforms manual hammering in terms of anti-interference capability,yielding markedly improved dispersion curve continuity;2)compared to drop-weight sources,the controlled impact source demonstrates superior adaptability to complex terrains,enhanced portability,and higher operational efficiency during continuous acquisition;3)in thick overburden zones,the controlled impact source achieves greater effective exploration depths;4)in hilly areas with shallow bedrock,all the three sources exhibit comparable performance.These findings validate the technical superiority of the controlled impact sources in enhancing both precision and penetration depth of surface wave exploration in complex environments.
作者
宗传志
Zong Chuanzhi(China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300251,China)
出处
《工程地球物理学报》
2025年第5期556-564,共9页
Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics
基金
中国铁路设计集团有限公司课题项目(编号:2024A0226402)。
关键词
面波勘探
可控冲击震源
震源选择
频散特性
工程适应性
surface wave exploration
controlled impact source
seismic source selection
dispersion characteristics
engineering adaptability
