摘要
目前面临针对深层油气勘探地震信号能量弱,信噪比低,频带窄,成像精度低等技术挑战,增强激发源的激发能量是提升深层反射信号能量和信噪比的根本手段。针对陆上可控震源技术面临的技术挑战,完善和提升低频可控震源激发技术是目前的首要研究任务。可控震源技术的发展和提高都紧跟油气地震勘探技术的进步和发展,目前油气勘探面临“双复杂性”技术现状,积极攻关深层、超深层油气地震勘探技术和高精度地震勘探技术,这就对目前尤其地震勘探激发主流装备—可控震源技术提出了新的技术挑战,对可控震源技术也提出了新的要求—“增能降噪,增频降变,增精保真”。低频可控震源激发技术是低频地震勘探技术的基础,也是深层、超深层地震勘探技术的根本。可控震源隔振技术是可控震源关键核心技术之一。本文首先介绍了可控震源振动器结构及隔振系统的主要组成部分。针对目前可控震源隔振技术的技术现状和性能特点,分析可控震源隔振技术的基本原理和振动能量下传率的计算方法。同时,列举对比几种可控震源的隔振系统的结构和隔振器的选型,最后剖析了可控震源隔振技术当下遭遇的关键技术瓶颈与障碍,并分享了作者对该技术现阶段的发展态势及性能提升路径的个人见解与思考,期待能为震源科研领域的专业技术人员在技术探索中提供一定的辅助借鉴,助力相关研究的推进与深化。
The ultra-deep field is a major strategic development direction for China's future oil and gas exploration.Advancing ultra-deep layer seismic exploration is only way for China future oil and gas development.In response to the technical challenges faced by layers is the only way for China future oil and gas development.In response to the technical challenges faced by seismic exploration in deep and ultra-deep layers,such as weak signal energy,low signal-to-noise ratio,narrow frequency band,and low imaging accuracy,enhancing excitation energy is the primary means to improve the energy and signal-to-noise ratio of deep signals.Accelerating in-depth research on high-precision broadband excitation technology is a necessary step to properly for addressing the technical challenges faced by onshore vibroseis oil and gas seismic exploration technology.Currently,oil and gas seismic exploration technology closely follows the progress and development of vibroseis technology.The development and improvement of vibroseis technology closely follow facing the"dual complexity"technology seismic exploration technology.This poses new technical challenges to the vibration isolation and high-precision excitation,actively taking deep and ultra-deep oil and gas seismic exploration technology and high-precision seismic excitation technology.This poses new technical challenges to the current mainstream equipment for seismic exploration vibroseis technology,and also puts forward new requirements for vibroseis technology"increasing vibration isolation reduction,increasing frequency and reducing distortion,increasing precision and fidelity".The energy and noise technology of vibroseis is one of the key core technologies of the vibroseis.This article first introduces the structure and main components of the vibration isolation system of the vibroseis.Based on the current technical status and performance characteristics of the vibration isolation technology of the vibroseis the basic principles of the vibration isolation technology and the calculation method of the vibration energy transmission rate are analyzed.At the same time,the structure of the vibration isolation technology of the vibroseis the basic principles of the vibration isolation technology and the calculation method of the vibration energy transmission rate are analyzed.At the same time,the structure of the vibration isolation system of the vibroseis and the selection of isolators are compared.Finally,some technical challenges and difficulties faced by the vibration isolation technology of the compatible seismic source are proposed.At the same time,the author provides some technical ideas and thoughts on the development and improvement of search vibration isolation technology of the vibroseis,hoping to provide some technical assistance and research references for the majority of seismic source research and technical personnel.
作者
黄玉峰
刘志刚
郝磊
宋晓伟
徐小刚
HUANG Yufeng;LIU Zhigang;HAO Lei;SONG Xiaowei;XU Xiaogang
出处
《物探装备》
2025年第2期84-89,共6页
Equipment for Geophysical Prospecting
基金
中国石油集团重大专项科研项目《多物理场高精度油气地球物理探测技术与装备研究》2023ZZ05-1子课题
关键词
可控震源技术
隔振技术
隔振气囊
隔振率
能量下传率
Vibarator technology
Vibration isolation technology
Vibration isolation airbag
Vibration isolation
