摘要
随着城市化进程的推进,地面硬化和地下建(构)筑物的增加显著改变了城市区域的降雨入渗条件,进而影响地下水的水位分布。以上海市中心城区某典型区域为研究对象,采用数值模拟方法,综合考虑地面硬化和地下建(构)筑物的影响,探讨城市化进程中降雨入渗对潜水层地下水位的影响。研究表明,地面硬化显著减少了降雨入渗补给量,导致区域内地下水位普遍下降,近1/2的区域降幅为0.3~0.4 m;地下水位降幅最大可达0.51 m,研究区存在大面积绿地的西北方向降幅最小;地下建(构)筑物密集区域的地下水位变化呈现明显的扰动现象。硬化区域减少10%的预测分析表明,在新增透水区域内地下水位增幅普遍在0.2 m以上,水位增幅从区域中间向外呈锥形分布。新增透水区域外围50~80 m范围内,水位增幅普遍在0.1 m以上,此范围大小与区域内地下建(构)筑物的含量呈反比。由于地下建(构)筑物的存在增加了潜在硬化面的面积,继而影响了降雨入渗对地下水的补给作用,海绵城市规划时应考虑地下建构筑物的分布情况。
The increase of ground hardening and underground structures with the process of urbanization has significantly altered the rainfall infiltration conditions in urban areas,thereby influencing the distribution of groundwater level.Taking a typical area in the central urban district of Shanghai as the research object,numerical simulation is adopted to analyze the impact of rainfall infiltration on groundwater level of phreatic aquifer by comprehensively considering the influences of harden ground and underground structures.The results indicate that harden ground has significantly reduced the rainfall infiltration recharge and lead to a general decline of groundwater level with the decrease of 0.3 to 0.4 m in nearly half of the study area;The maximum decline of groundwater level reaches 0.51 m,and the minimum decline occurs in the northwest direction of the study area where there is a large area of green space;The variation of groundwater level in areas with dense underground structures present obvious disturbance phenomena.The prediction analysis after the harden ground is reduced by 10%indicates the increase of groundwater levels within the new permeable areas is generally more than 0.2 m,and the increase of groundwater level shows a conical distribution from the center of the area.Within the range of 50 to 80 m outside the new permeable areas,the size of which is inversely proportional to the content of underground structures within the area,and the increase of groundwater level is generally more than 0.1 m.The existence of underground structures increases the area of potential hardened surfaces,and then affects the recharge of groundwater by rainfall infiltration.When planning a sponge city,the distribution of underground structures should be taken into account.
作者
陈璘潇
许烨霜
CHEN Lin-xiao;XU Ye-shuang(State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,School of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Department of Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure,Department of Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《水电能源科学》
北大核心
2025年第10期50-55,共6页
Water Resources and Power
关键词
城市化
地下水位
降雨入渗
地面硬化
地下建(构)筑物
urbanization
groundwater level
rainfall infiltration
harden ground
underground structure
