摘要
为了系统梳理非稳态法渗透率测试技术的发展脉络、技术特点及行业应用现状,采用文献分析与技术对比的方法,研究了压力脉冲衰减法、压力降落法及压力振荡法的理论基础、关键突破与局限性,并结合中国技术引进、国产化进程及跨领域拓展案例,探讨了该技术的优化与推广路径。研究结果表明:①压力脉冲衰减法通过建立岩心上下游压差衰减模型,解决了低渗透样品渗透率测试难题;②压力降落法利用实时压力数据与自动化控制采集技术,成为中高渗透率覆压孔渗联测系统的主流技术,已实现对0.001~30000 mD样品的全量程覆盖;③压力振荡法虽能通过周期性压力变化实现信号增益,但因进口端压力控制精度要求严苛,尚未在油气田实现规模化应用;④中国科研机构通过本土化创新,形成了具有“中国烙印”的特色技术(例如突破了测试样品规则形状的要求限制,将测试下限突破到10^(-7)mD)。结论认为,中国在非稳态法渗透率测试技术领域的创新实践不仅助推了油气勘探开发技术进步,而且还为航天等领域超低渗透介质测试提供了新思路。
To systematically review the development sequence,technical characteristics and industry application status of unsteady-state permeability testing technology,literature analysis and technical comparison were employed to investigate the theoretical foundations,key breakthroughs and limitations of pressure pulse decay,pressure drawdown,and pressure oscillation methods.In addition,the optimization and promotion pathways of the technology were discussed based on China’s cases of technology introduction,localization progress and cross-domain expansion.The results show that,(i)the pressure pulse decay method addresses the difficulties in permeability testing of low-permeability samples by establishing a decay model of differential pressure between the upstream and downstream ends of core samples;(ii)the pressure drawdown method,utilizing real-time pressure data and automated control acquisition techniques,has become the mainstream technique for medium-to-high permeability overburden porosity-permeability combined measurement system,achieving full-range coverage for samples with permeabilities of 0.001-30000 mD;(iii)the pressure oscillation method enables signal gain through periodic pressure variations,but its stringent requirements for inlet pressure control precision have hindered its large-scale application in oil and gas fields;and(iv)Chinese research institutions have developed distinctive techniques with“Chinese characteristics”through localized innovation,such as eliminating the requirement for regular sample shapes and pushing the lower testing limit to 10^(-7)mD.It is concluded that China’s technological innovation and practices in the field of unsteady-state permeability testing not only advance oil and gas exploration and development technologies,but also provide new insights for testing ultra-low permeability media in fields such as aerospace.
作者
何家欢
余华洁
陈曼霏
王丽
王艳
刘婷芝
谭杰
张淳
赵诗琪
HE Jiahuan;YU Huajie;CHEN Manfei;WANG Li;WANG Yan;LIU Tingzhi;TAN Jie;ZHANG Chun;ZHAO Shiqi(PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Energy Key Laboratory for Carbonate Oil and Gas,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310000,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China)
出处
《天然气勘探与开发》
2025年第5期58-69,共12页
Natural Gas Exploration and Development
基金
中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技基础条件平台建设项目“重点油气田试验平台建设”(编号:2021ZP0402)
中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大专项课题“碳酸盐岩油气富集规律及有利区带研究”(编号:2023ZZ16YJ01)
中国石油西南油气田公司科技科学研究与技术开发项目“有水气藏开采中后期残余气开发机理实验探索”(编号:25XNYTSC030)。
关键词
非稳态法
渗透率
岩心分析
压力脉冲衰减法
压力降落法
压力振荡法
技术创新
学科交叉
Unsteady-state method
Permeability
Core analysis
Pressure pulse decay method
Pressure drawdown method
Pressure oscillation method
Technological innovation
Interdiscipline
