摘要
针对河南稠油中的胶质与沥青质含量过高而导致的高黏性、低流动性难题,本研究使用马来酸酐(MA)接枝改性热塑性弹性体SEBS,制备了油溶性降黏剂SEBS-g-MA,并系统探究了SEBS-g-MA的降黏性能和作用机理。以甲苯为溶剂,在过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)的引发下进行接枝反应,通过单因素实验得到了最佳制备条件:SEBS与马来酸酐的质量比为2∶1,反应温度为105℃,引发剂用量为SEBS质量的1.4%,反应时间4h。性能测试结果显示,SEBS-g-MA用量为500mg·L^(-1)、温度为30℃时,河南稠油的降黏率达到47.02%,显著提升了其流动特性。红外光谱分析结果表明,马来酸酐在SEBS分子链上接枝成功,引入的极性官能团明显提升了SEBS与胶质、沥青质的结合能力以及相互作用的效果。差示扫描量热(DSC)分析结果及偏光显微镜观察结果显示,SEBS-g-MA通过抑制蜡晶聚集和破坏蜡晶网状结构,使得稠油的析蜡点从27.5℃降至26.7℃,蜡晶的形貌由致密网格转变为分散小颗粒,从而有效延缓了蜡晶析出并优化了低温流动性。研究结果可为高胶质、沥青质稠油的高效降黏开采提供新型材料与工艺思路,在降低采输成本和提升开发效率方面具有实际的应用潜力。
In order to solve the problem of high viscosity and low fluidity caused by the high content of gums and asphaltenes in thick oil in Henan Province,this study prepared an oil-soluble viscosity reducer SEBS-g-MA by grafting maleic anhydride(MA)onto modified thermoplastic elastomer SEBS,and systematically explored its viscosity reduction performance and mechanism of action.The grafting reaction was carried out under the initiation of benzoyl peroxide(BPO)with toluene as the solvent,and the optimal preparation conditions were optimized by one-way experiments:the mass ratio of SEBS to maleic anhydride was 2:1,the reaction temperature was 105℃,the initiator dosage was 1.4%of the mass of SEBS and the reaction time was 4h.The results of the performance tests showed that when the dosage of SEBS-g-MA was 500mg/L and the temperature was 40℃,the viscosity reduction rate of Henan thick oil reached 47.02%,which significantly enhanced its flow characteristics.The infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that maleic anhydride was successfully grafted on the molecular chain of SEBS,and the introduced polar functional groups obviously enhanced the binding ability and interaction effect on gel and asphaltene.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)analysis and polarized light microscopy showed that SEBS-g-MA inhibited the aggregation of wax crystals and destroyed the reticulation of wax crystals,which lowered the wax precipitation point from 27.5℃to 26.7℃,and the wax crystals were also reduced to 26.7℃,the wax crystal morphology was changed from dense lattice to dispersed small particles,which effectively retarded the wax crystal precipitation and optimized the low-temperature fluidity.The results of this study can provide a new type of material and process for efficient viscosity reduction of highly colloidal and asphaltenous thick oil,which has the potential to be applied to reduce the cost of production and transportation and to improve the development efficiency.
作者
方宣诺
葛兴彦
倪建军
李健
吴亚
FANG Xuannuo;GE Xingyan;NI Jianjun;LI Jian;WU Ya(Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry,Universities of Shaanxi Provence,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China;Xi'an Changqing Chemical Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710068,China;The 11th Oil Production Plant of Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi'an 710200,China)
出处
《化工技术与开发》
2025年第10期12-16,82,共6页
Technology & Development of Chemical Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52474041)。
关键词
油溶性降黏剂
稠油
制备条件
降黏率
oil-soluble viscosity reducer
heavy crude oil
synthesis conditon
viscosity reduction rate
