摘要
【目的】探讨复配调节剂的协同增效作用,降低赤霉素使用浓度,优化处理方案,以期筛选出最佳的植物生长调节剂处理组合及浓度,为新疆制干、鲜食兼用品种‘无核白’葡萄花果管理提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】以‘无核白’葡萄为试材,主区设置拉花序GA_(3)浓度0、60、80、100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)共4个水平;副区设置膨果复配植物生长调节剂类型CPPU、TDZ、BR 3个水平;副副区设置膨果复配植物生长调节剂浓度低浓度、中等浓度、较高浓度、高浓度4个水平。重点分析拉花序GA_(3)浓度、膨果复配植物生长调节剂类型和膨果复配植物生长调节剂浓度三因子组合对‘无核白’葡萄果实成熟期单粒质量、果形指数、固酸比、色泽参数等鲜果品质的影响及葡萄干出干率、饱满度、褐变率、色泽参数等制干品质的影响。【结果】不同处理鲜果单粒质量分布在2.64—4.88 g,主要受膨果复配调节剂类型影响,3类调节剂之间的差异均达到显著水平,TDZ>CPPU>BR;可溶性固形物含量分布在16.30%—23.00%,受3个因素及其交互作用共同影响,因素A中60、80和100 mg·L^(-1)拉穗处理鲜果可固含量均显著高于CK,因素B中BR处理显著高于CPPU和TDZ处理;固酸比分布在20.40—35.14,主要受因素B影响。出干率分布在16.10%—27.90%,受3个因素及其交互作用共同影响,因素A中60 mg·L^(-1)拉穗处理出干率显著高于CK和其他两个处理,因素B中CPPU和BR处理显著高于TDZ处理,因素C中低浓度处理显著高于其他3个浓度处理;葡萄干饱满度指标分布在0.54—0.97,受3个因素及其交互作用共同影响,60、80和100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)拉穗处理饱满度较不拉穗处理均显著提高,复配TDZ和BR处理饱满度显著高于复配CPPU,高浓度处理显著高于其他3个浓度处理;褐变率分布在5.71%—65.17%,受3个因素及其交互作用共同影响,100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)拉穗处理褐变率较CK和60、80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)拉穗处理显著降低,复配BR处理显著低于CPPU和TDZ处理,较高浓度处理显著低于其他3个浓度处理。【结论】处理T30(80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)拉穗,50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+10 mg·L^(-1)GA_(4+7)+3 mg·L^(-1)TDZ膨果)鲜果品质最优;处理T34(80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)拉穗,50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+10 mg·L^(-1)GA_(4+7)+2 mg·L^(-1)BR膨果)制干品质最优。
【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the co-synergistic action of different plant growth regulators compound combination on grape,optimize the increase fruit size method and reduce the concentration of gibberellin,so as to select the suitable plant growth regulators treatment for Thompson Seedless grape,and to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for flower and fruit management technology selection in Xinjiang.【Method】With Thompson Seedless grape as the experimental material,a split-split plot field experiment was conducted in Shanshan,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China.The GA_(3) concentration for inflorescence elongation were used as main plots,and four levels were set:0,60,80,and 100 mg·L^(-1).Three types of fruit-enlarging compound plant growth regulators including CPPU,TDZ,and BR were used as split-plots.The concentration levels of the fruit-enlarging compound plant growth regulators were used as split-split plots,and four levels were set:low,medium,relatively high,and high concentrations.This study focused on analyzing the effects of the three-factor combination GA_(3) concentration for inflorescence elongation,type of fruit-enlarging compound plant growth regulator,and concentration of the fruit-enlarging compound plant growth regulator on fruit quality,such as single berry weight,fruit shape index,soluble solid-to-acid ratio,and color parameters at the fruit ripening stage.The quality related to raisin processing was investigated,such as dry output rate,browning rate,color parameters and fullness of raisins.【Result】The single berry weight under different treatments were ranged from 2.64 to 4.88 g,mainly influenced by the type of fruit-enlarging compound regulator.Significant differences were observed among the three types of regulators,with the order being TDZ>CPPU>BR;The soluble solid content(SSC)in single berry ranged from 16.30%to 23.00%,influenced by three factors and their interactions.In factor A(GA_(3) concentration for inflorescence elongation),both 60,80,and 100 mg·L^(-1)treatments were significantly higher than CK.In factor B(type of fruit-enlarging compound regulator),BR treatment was significantly higher than CPPU and TDZ treatments.The solid-to-acid ratio in berry ranged from 20.40 to 35.14,mainly influenced by factor B.The dry output rate of raisin ranged from 16.10%to 27.90%,affected by both three factors and their interactions.In factor A,the dry output rate of 80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) treatments were significantly higher than CK and the other two treatments.In factor B,the dry output rate under CPPU and BR treatments were significantly higher than TDZ.In factor C(concentration of fruit-enlarging compound regulator),the low-concentration treatment was significantly higher than the other three concentration treatments.The fullness of raisins index ranged from 0.54 to 0.97,influenced by both three factors and their interactions,and in factor A,both 60,80,and 100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) treatments were significantly higher than 0 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) treatment.In factor B,the fullness of raisins with TDZ and BR treatments were significantly higher than CPPU,and the high-concentration treatment was significantly higher than the other three concentration levels.The browning rate of raisin ranged from 5.71%to 65.17%,affected by both three factors and their interactions.In factor A,the 100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) treatment was significantly lower than CK,60 and 80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) treatments.In factor B,the BR treatment was significantly lower than CPPU and TDZ treatments,and the relatively high-concentration treatment was significantly lower than the other three concentration levels.【Conclusion】T30 treatment(80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) for inflorescence elongation,and 50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+10 mg·L^(-1)GA_(4+7)+3 mg·L^(-1)TDZ for fruit enlargement)had the highest fresh fruit quality.T34 treatment(80 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3) for inflorescence elongation,and 50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)+10 mg·L^(-1)GA_(4+7)+2 mg·L^(-1)BR for fruit enlargement)had the highest quality related to raisin.
作者
王迪
韩守安
张雯
王敏
石慧东
朱学慧
白世践
刘旭鹏
田嘉
谢辉
WANG Di;HAN ShouAn;ZHANG Wen;WANG Min;SHI HuiDong;ZHU XueHui;BAI ShiJian;LIU XuPeng;TIAN Jia;XIE Hui(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Tree Research,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052;Institute of Fruits and Vegetables,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology(Xinjiang),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinjiang Crop Chemical Regulation Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang,Urumqi 830091;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapes and Melons Research Institute,Shanshan 838200,Xinjiang)
出处
《中国农业科学》
北大核心
2025年第18期3767-3782,共16页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2022B02045)
天山英才青年拔尖人才项目(2023TSYCCX0022,2022TSYCCX0068)
现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-zp-8)
乌鲁木齐北疆葡萄种质资源与果园生态新疆野外观测研究站(XJYWZ2307)。
关键词
葡萄
葡萄干
植物生长调节剂
花果管理
果实品质
grape
raisin
plant growth regulator
flower and fruit management
fruit quality
