摘要
当代人工智能研究正经历深刻范式转换,从计算—表征主导的经典范式迈向以具身化智能为核心的现象学范式。具身性成为核心议题,智能并非源于脱离身体的抽象计算,而是根植于主体与环境持续耦合的动态过程,该过程依赖主体行动力、知觉结构与意义建构的互构关系。通过区分知觉—运动、情境和交互三个具身性维度,可回应相关思考。人形机器人作为前沿形态,凸显了身体对智能的构成性作用,虽逼近人类智能外部形态,但与人类具身认知存在根本差异,其功能性模拟未触及身体经验的先验结构。批判性分析人形机器人研究,能建构具身性人工智能系统的现象学条件与本体论基础,突破传统认知边界,展现身体、智能与世界的结构张力,并提示伦理警觉。
Contemporary research in artificial intelligence is undergoing a profound epistemological shift:from the classical paradigm dominated by computation and representation to a phenomenological paradigm centered on embodied intelligence.This revolution raises fundamental ontological questions for AI:Can artificial systems transcend the epistemic limitations of computa⁃tionalism and achieve embodiment?What forms of embodiment constitute the conditions for the emergence of intelligence?This article addresses these questions by distinguishing three dimensions of embodied intelligence:sensorimotor embodiment as the pre-reflective basis of cognition;situated embodiment as the constitutive mechanism of meaning generation;and interactive em⁃bodiment as a paradigm of socially generated cognition.Through critical analysis of existing theories and models of humanoid ro⁃bot,this article constructs a phenomenological and ontological framework for embodied artificial intelligence.This approach not only offers a new explanatory paradigm to overcome the cognitive boundaries of classical AI but also provides insights for future re⁃search in cognitive modeling,robotic design,and human-machine symbiosis.
出处
《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第5期62-70,共9页
Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社科一般项目“预测心智视野下群体智能研究”(22BZX040)
国家社科重大项目“马克思主义认知论与认知科学范式的相关性研究”(22&ZD034)。
关键词
具身性
人工智能
人形机器人
具身情境
交互范式
embodiment
artificial intelligence
humanoid robots
situation
interaction
