摘要
基于PU和SiO_(2)纳米颗粒,通过静电纺丝和静电喷雾技术,制备了一系列PU纳米纤维膜和具有多级结构的PU/SiO_(2)纳米纤维膜。采用扫描电镜、孔径分析仪和万能试验机等仪器对纤维的性能进行表征。结果表明PU/SiO_(2)纤维膜各方面性能优异,其具有良好的强度和弹性,断裂强度为3.74 MPa,断裂伸长率为234%;在空气中表现出超疏水(水接触角为150°)/超亲油性,油下表现出超疏水性(油下水接触角为151°);对多种油水混合物具有卓越的分离能力,分离通量最高可达1798 L m^(-2) h^(-1),分离效率为99.2%;对表面活性剂稳定的油水乳液通量最高为815 L m^(-2) h^(-1),分离效率为99.04%。
By using polyurethane(PU)and SiO_(2) nanoparticles,a series of PU nanofiber membranes and PU/SiO_(2) nanofiber membranes with multilevel structure were prepared by electrospinning and electrospraying techniques.The performance of these fibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,pore size analysis and universal testing machines.The results indicated that the PU/SiO_(2) fiber membrane exhibited outstanding performance across multiple dimensions.It demonstrated robust mechanical properties,with a breaking strength of 3.74 MPa and an elongation at break of 234%.In terms of the surface wettability,the membrane displayed superhydrophobicity(water contact angle of 150°)and superlipophilicity in the air while it maintained superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 151°under the oil.This unique surface behavior enabled the membrane to achieve excellent separation capabilities for a wide range of oil-water mixtures.Specifically,the separation flux reached up to 1798 L m^(-2) h^(-1) with a separation efficiency of 99.2%.For surfactant-stabilized oil-water emulsions,the flux was up to 815 L m^(-2) h^(-1) and the separation efficiency was 99.04%.
作者
车柯祎
张欣欣
肖岚
CHE Keyi;ZHANG Xinxin;XIAO Lan(College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620)
出处
《纺织科学与工程学报》
2025年第5期54-58,97,共6页
Journal of Textile Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52303032)。
关键词
PU
纳米纤维膜
静电纺丝
静电喷雾
油水分离
PU nanofiber membrane
electrospinning
electrospraying
oil-water separation
