摘要
为探究秸秆带状覆盖对西北半干旱区马铃薯田土壤团聚体分布、有机碳含量变化及产量的影响,共设4种处理:无覆盖(CK)、秸秆带状覆盖2行(SSM1)、秸秆带状覆盖3行(SSM2)和地膜覆盖(PFM)。结果表明:(1)与CK相比,秸秆带状覆盖平均能显著提高土壤0~40 cm土层>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量22.0%~31.0%;地膜覆盖则呈相反的结果。(2)与CK相比,秸秆带状覆盖平均能显著提高0~40 cm土层土壤MWD和GMD值22.0%和1.8%;而地膜覆盖处理下土壤MWD显著降低21.0%,团聚体破坏率提高5.0%。(3)与CK相比,秸秆带状覆盖平均提高土壤0~20 cm土层>2 mm、0.25~2 mm、<0.25 mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量19.9%、30.1%、45.8%,对20~40 cm土层无显著差异;而地膜覆盖对各土层团聚体有机碳含量影响不显著。(4)与CK相比,秸秆带状覆盖平均显著提高0~20 cm土层>2 mm粒级土壤团聚体对有机碳的贡献率15.3%~24.4%,对其他2个粒径影响不显著;地膜覆盖则显著降低>0.25 mm团聚体有机碳贡献率57.9%。在20~40 cm土层中,覆盖处理对各粒级团聚体有机碳的贡献率无显著作用。(5)覆盖栽培较CK均能提高马铃薯鲜薯和干薯产量,增产效果表现为SSM1>PFM>SSM2。相关性分析发现,<0.25 mm团聚体有机碳含量和>2 mm水稳性团聚体含量是影响马铃薯产量形成的主要因素(r=0.74**和r=0.72**)。综合以上分析,秸秆带状覆盖能提高土壤浅层大团聚体含量,改善土壤结构,增加各粒级团聚体有机碳含量,具有明显的固碳效应,增产效果明显,适宜在西北半干旱地区推广应用。
To investigate the effects of straw strip mulching on soil aggregate distribution,changes in organic carbon content and potato yield in the semi-arid region of Northwest China,four treatments were implemented in the experiment:flat field without mulching(CK),2-row straw strip mulching(SSM1),3-row straw strip mulching(SSM2)and plastic film mulching(PFM).(1)Compared with CK,straw strip mulching(SSM1 and SSM2)significantly increased the content of water-stable aggre-gates>0.25 mm in the 0-40 cm soil layer by 22.0%to 30.2%,whereas,the effect of plastic film mulching showed the opposite result.(2)Compared with CK,straw strip mulching(SSM1 and SSM2)significantly increased the mean weight diameter(MWD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)values by 22.0%and 1.8%,respectively,in the 0-40 cm soil layer;In contrast,MWD values were signifi-cantly reduced by 21.0%and the soil aggregate destruction rate increased by 5.0%under plastic film mulching.(3)Straw strip mulching(SSM1 and SSM2),in comparison with CK,increased the organic carbon content associated with soil aggregate in the 0-20 cm soil layer by 19.9%,30.1%and 45.8%in the>2 mm,0.25-2 mm and<0.25 mm size fractions,and had no significant difference in the 20-40 cm soil layer,However,the effect of plastic film mulching on the organic carbon content associ-ated with soil aggregates in each soil layer was not significant.(4)Compared with CK,straw strip mulching significantly increased the contribution of soil aggregates of>2 mm grain size in the 0-20 cm soil layer to soil organic carbon by 15.3%to 24.4%and had no significant effect on the other two sizes;plastic mulching significantly reduced the soil organic carbon contribution of>0.25 mm by 57.9%.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the mulching treatments did not significantly influence the contri-bution rate of organic carbon to soil aggregates in each size class.(5)Compared with CK,all mulching treatments increased both fresh and dry tuber yields,with the order of effectiveness being SSM1>PFM>SSM2.Correlation analysis revealed that the organic carbon content in<0.25 mm aggregates and the content of>2 mm soil aggregates were the main factors influencing potato yield(r=0.74**and r=0.72**).Based on the above results,straw strip mulching improves the content of large soil aggregates in the shallow soil layers,enhances soil structure,and increases the organic carbon content in aggregates of different grain sizes,and contributes significantly to carbon sequestration and yield improvement.Therefore,it is suitable for promotion and application in the semi-arid regions of North-west China.
作者
朱艳艳
宋文欢
马臻
李博文
韩凡香
柴雨葳
程宏波
黄彩霞
常磊
ZHU Yanyan;SONG Wenhuan;MA Zhen;LI Bowen;HAN Fanxiang;CHAI Yuwei;CHENG Hongbo;HUANG Caixia;CHANG Lei(Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science,College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Geography and Environmental Engineering,Lanzhou City College,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期1847-1855,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划(2025CYZC-058,2022CYZC-48)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2001304,2021YFD1900700)
甘肃省技术创新引导计划(22CX8NA046)。
