摘要
【目的】掌握呼伦贝尔草原外来植物种类组成、生活型、原产地、引入途径等,为今后该地区外来植物的管理与防控奠定理论基础。【方法】在野外调查的基础上,通过查阅相关文献,对呼伦贝尔草原区外来植物进行调查和统计。【结果】呼伦贝尔草原区共有外来植物50种,隶属于17科43属,其中,种数排名前三位的分别为菊科11种,占总种数的22%,禾本科9种,占总种数的18%,苋科5种,占总种数的10%;生活型方面,一年生草本植物最多,共有28种,占总种数的56%;原产地为美洲的物种最多,为17种,占总种数的36%;引入途径中,有意引进和无意引进分别占总种数的52%和48%。【结论】呼伦贝尔草原区外来植物种类较多,以菊科、苋科和禾本科为主;生活型组成以一年生植物为主,原产自美洲的种类最多;科的分布区类型以热带成分为主,属的层面上以温带成分为主。
【Objective】The investigation was carried out in order to master the composition,life form,origin,and introduction pathways of exotic plant in Hulunbuir grassland,and to lay a theoretical foundation for the management and prevention of invasive plants in the region in the future.【Method】On the basis of field investigation,relevant literature was consulted to conduct species statistics and correlation analysis on exotic plants in Hulunbuir grassland.【Result】There are a total of 50 species of exotic plants,belonging to 17 families and 43 genera.The top three species are 11 species of Asteraceae,accounting for 22%of the total species,9 species of Poaceae,accounting for 18%of the total species,and 5 species of Amaranthaceae,accounting for 10%of the total species;In terms of lifestyle,annual herbaceous plants have the most,with a total of 28 species,accounting for 56%of the total number of species.The species native to the Americas are the most numerous,with 17 species,accounting for 36%of the total number of species.Intentional and unintentional introductions account for 52%and 48%of the total number of species,respectively,in the introduction channels.【Conclusion】There are many species of exotic plants in Hulunbuir grassland,mainly in Asteraceae,Amaranthaceae,and Poaceae families.The life form is mainly composed of annual plants,with the most species native to the Americas.The distribution area type of the family is mainly tropical components,while at the genus level,it is mainly temperate components.
作者
李杰
黄学文
肖燕子
特喜铁
LI Jie;HUANG Xue-wen;XIAO Yan-zi;TE Xi-tie(Hulunbuir University Agricultural College,Hulunbuir 021008,China;Hulunbuir University,Grass Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center,Hulunbuir 021000,China)
出处
《草原与草坪》
2025年第4期75-82,共8页
Grassland and Turf
基金
内蒙古教育厅高校科研项目(NJZY22295)
内蒙古科技创新引导奖励资金项目(2022CXYD006)
呼伦贝尔市科技项目(NC2023022)。
