摘要
随着全球人口老龄化加剧,骨质疏松症已成为威胁中老年人群健康的重要公共卫生问题。传统药物治疗存在副作用局限,而运动康复作为非药物干预手段,通过机械应力刺激骨代谢、增强神经肌肉功能等机制展现出独特优势。系统分析运动康复对骨质疏松症患者肌力与平衡能力的改善作用及其多维度作用机制十分必要。通过握力测试、等速肌力评估及Berg平衡量表等方法发现,规律性运动可显著提升患者上下肢肌肉力量,并通过平衡训练提高本体感觉与神经传导效率,降低跌倒风险。机制研究显示,运动通过上调成骨细胞活性、抑制破骨细胞功能促进骨形成,同时改善肌肉蛋白质合成代谢和神经-肌肉协调性。临床实践证实,个性化运动方案与单一干预相比更具长期效益,但现有研究仍存在样本量不足、机制解析深度不够等局限。未来需进一步优化运动参数组合,探索运动康复与药物治疗的协同效应,为构建精准化骨质疏松症康复体系提供理论支撑。
With the intensification of global population aging,osteoporosis has become an important public health problem threatening the health of middle-aged and elderly people.Traditional drug therapy has limited side effects,but exercise rehabilitation,as a non-drug intervention,shows unique advantages by stimulating bone metabolism and enhancing neuromuscular function through mechanical stress.This study systematically analyzed the effect of exercise rehabilitation on improving muscle strength and balance ability of osteoporosis patients and its multi-dimensional mechanism.By means of grip strength test,isokinetic muscle strength assessment and Berg balance scale,it was found that regular exercise could significantly improve the muscle strength of patients'upper and lower limbs,and enhance proprioception and nerve conduction efficiency through balance training,thus reducing the risk of falling.Mechanism studies have shown that exercise promotes bone formation by up-regulating osteoblast activity and inhibiting osteoclast function,while improving muscle protein anabolism and neuromuscular coordination.Clinical practice has confirmed that personalized exercise program has more long-term benefits than single intervention,but existing studies still have limitations such as insufficient sample size and insufficient depth of mechanism analysis.In the future,it is necessary to further optimize the combination of exercise parameters,explore the synergistic effect of exercise rehabilitation and drug therapy,and provide theoretical support for the construction of a precise osteoporosis rehabilitation system.
作者
李朝文
LI Chaowen(Clinical College of Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230012)
出处
《智慧健康》
2025年第22期31-34,38,共5页
Smart Healthcare
基金
校级自然科学研究项目《基于网络药理学研究恒古骨伤愈合剂调控TNF-α/NF-κB信号通路治疗骨质疏松症的作用机制》(项目编号:2023XJKY011)。
关键词
运动康复
骨质疏松
肌力
平衡能力
Sports rehabilitation
Osteoporosis
Muscle strength
Balance capacity
