摘要
我国水资源先天禀赋不足,时空分布极其不均衡,难以满足社会经济可持续发展的用水需求。随着近年来极端天气广发、频发,水资源供需矛盾进一步加剧。海水淡化作为增量水源技术,具有水质良好、水量稳定、规模灵活、不受时空限制等优点,已成为解决我国水危机的现实需要和战略选择。本文系统梳理了我国海水淡化近年来的规模变化、政策变迁、装备技术、标准体系等方面的发展历程,从工程规模、科技实力、政策支撑等方面分析了沿海省市海水淡化的发展模式和竞争力,重点分析了中国海水淡化发展中存在的问题,并提出了未来的发展建议,为我国海水淡化高质量发展提供参考。
China is endowed with insufficient water resources,which are extremely unevenly distributed in time and space,making it difficult to meet the water demands for sustainable social and economic development.With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather in recent years,the contradiction between water supply and demand has further intensified.Seawater desalination,as an incremental water source technology,has the advantages of good water quality,stable water volume,flexible scale,and no restrictions of time and space.It has become a realistic need and strategic choice to solve China's water crisis.This paper systematically reviews the development process of seawater desalination in China in recent years in terms of scale changes,policy changes,equipment technology,and standard systems.It analyzes the development models and competitiveness of seawater desalination in coastal provinces and cities from the aspects of engineering scale,scientific and technological strength,and policy support.It focuses on analyzing the problems existing in the development of seawater desalination in China and puts forward suggestions for future development,providing a reference for the high-quality development of seawater desalination in China.
作者
王锐浩
师卓
汪程鹏
黄鹏飞
宋代旺
李云霞
WANG Ruihao;SHI Zhuo;WANG Chengpeng;HUANG Pengfei;SONG Daiwang;LI Yunxia(The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,MNR,Tianjin 300192,China;Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Northwest Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi 832000,China;Institute of Farmland Water Conservancy and Soil Fertilizer,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Shihezi 832000,China;Shandong Desalination and Comprehensive Utilization Industry Research Institute,Jinan 257343,China)
出处
《水处理技术》
北大核心
2025年第10期63-69,共7页
Technology of Water Treatment
基金
国家(兵团)科技计划项目(2023AB034)
山东省重点研发计划(2024CXGC010808)
天津市自然科学基金重点项目(24JCZDJC00950)
天津市中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(24ZYCGYS00720)
天津市科技计划项目(24YFXTHZ00340)
中央科研院所基础科研业务专项资金(K-JBYWF-2024-ZT06、K-JBYWF-2024-T06,K-JBYWF-2025-J02)。
关键词
海水淡化
装备技术
工程规模
高质量发展
seawater desalination
equipment technology
engineering scale
high-quality development
