摘要
本试验旨在探究多胎细毛羊在80~160日龄的生长发育特征、饲料效率及其剩余采食量(RFI)的变化规律与相关性,并进一步比较不同RFI的多胎细毛羊的差异。试验群体包括139只健康的多胎细毛羊公羔,进行标准化单栏饲养。羊只在56日龄断奶,试验分为过渡期(14 d)、预试期(10 d)和正试期(80 d)。在正试期内,每日记录采食量,计算平均日采食量(ADFI),并每20 d记录体重(BW)及体尺数据,用以计算平均日增重(ADG)和饲料转化率(FCR)等。根据个体RFI的平均值(80~160日龄)和标准差(SD)将试验羊群分为3组,分别为高RIF组(RFI>平均值+0.5SD,40只)、中RFI组(平均值-0.5SD≤RFI≤平均值+0.5SD,59只)和低RFI组(RFI<平均值-0.5SD,40只)。结果显示:1)在80~160日龄,多胎细毛羊的ADG为0.30 kg,FCR为5.11,ADFI为1.53 kg,代谢体重(MBW)为13.18 kg。随着日龄增长,BW及体尺逐渐增加,其变异系数逐渐降低。2)BW、体长(BL)、体高(BH)、胸围(ChC)等性状在对应的日龄阶段内与RFI均表现出显著或极显著的正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。RFI与ADG及ADFI呈显著或极显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与FCR无显著相关(P>0.05)。同时,管围(CaC)、阴囊围(SC)与ChC、BH在不同日龄阶段与RFI表现出较高的相关性。3)分组比较显示,全期低RFI组的RFI、ADFI和FCR均显著低于中RFI组(P<0.05),中RFI组显著低于高RFI组(P<0.05)。部分生长性状(如BH、BL、ChC和CaC)在组间存在显著差异(P<0.05),但十字部高(WH)、胸宽(CW)、腰角宽(HW)及SC的组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,与传统的FCR相比,以RFI作为评价指标不仅能够更加准确地反映饲料效率,还有助于合理调控动物的采食量。然而,动物的采食行为受到环境因素、个体生理特征以及饲粮品质等多重因素的影响,因此在实际应用中,需要综合考虑这些因素对采食量的影响机制。
This study aimed to investigate the growth characteristics,feed efficiency,and residual feed intake(RFI)variations of multiparous fine wool sheep at 80 to 160 days of age,as well as the correlations among these parameters and to further compare the differences among multiparous fine wool sheep with different RFI.The experimental population consisted of 139 healthy multiparous fine wool sheep male lambs housed in standardized single pens.Sheep were only weaned at 56 days of age,and the experiment was divided into transition(14 d),pre-test(10 d),and test(80 d)periods.During the test period,feed intake was recorded daily to calculate average daily feed intake(ADFI),and body weight(BW)and body measurement data were recorded every 20 days to calculate average daily gain(ADG)and feed conversion rate(FCR).According to the mean(80 to 160 days of age)and standard deviation(SD)of individual RFI,the experimental flocks were divided into three groups:high RIF group(RFI>mean+0.5SD,n=40),moderate RFI group(mean-0.5SD≤RFI≤mean+0.5SD,n=59)and low RFI group(RFI<mean-0.5SD,n=40).The results showed as follows:1)during the age of 80 to 160 days,multiparous fine wool sheep exhibited an ADG of 0.30 kg,a FCR of 5.11,an ADFI of 1.53 kg,and a metabolic body weight(MBW)of 13.18 kg.With increasing age,BW and body measurements increased gradually,while their coefficients of variation decreased progressively.2)Traits such as BW,body length(BL),body height(BH),and chest circumference(ChC)all showed significant or extremely significant positive correlations with RFI within the corresponding age stages(P<0.05 or P<0.01).RFI was significant or extremely significant negative correlations with ADG and ADFI(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but showed no significant correlation with FCR(P>0.05).Additionally,cannon circumference(CaC)and scrotal circumference(SC)displayed high correlations with chest circumference(ChC)and body height(BH)at various age stages.3)Group comparisons indicated that the low-RFI group had significantly lower RFI,ADFI,and FCR compared with the medium-RFI group(P<0.05),and the medium-RFI group had significantly lower values than the high-RFI group(P<0.05).Significant differences were observed among the groups for certain growth traits(e.g.,BH,BL,ChC,and CaC;P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were detected in rump height,chest width,hip width,and scrotal circumference(P>0.05).In conclusion,compared with the traditional FCR,RFI as an evaluation index can not only more accurately reflect feed efficiency,but also help to rationally regulate animal feed intake.However,the feeding behavior of animals is affected by multiple factors such as environmental factors,individual physiological characteristics,and diet quality,so it is necessary to comprehensively consider the mechanism of these factors on feed intake in practical applications.
作者
王许
哈尼克孜·吐拉甫
黄俊成
刘武军
陶维昆
林长春
李鹏飞
董桂花
闫娜娜
王博
吴伟伟
郑文新
WANG Xu;HANIKZ Tulav;HUANG Juncheng;LIU Wujun;TAO Weikun;LIN Changchun;LI Pengfei;DONG Guihua;YAN Nana;WANG Bo;WU Weiwei;ZHENG Wenxin(College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agriculture University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Animal Science,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期6061-6071,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区现代农业产业技术体系(XJARS-09-06)
科技2030生物育种重大专项(2022ZD040130205)
新疆维吾尔自治区肉毛兼用绒毛用羊品种选育提升计划(2024 XJRMY-02)
自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2023SNGGNT049)。
关键词
多胎细毛羊
剩余采食量
饲料转化率
生长发育
multiparous fine wool sheep
residual feed intake
feed conversion rate
growth and development
