摘要
本试验旨在研究基于发酵酱酒糟和谷物酒糟糖浆组合的饲粮中性洗涤纤维(NDF)水平对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状和血清指标的影响。选取平均体重约为56 kg的健康三元杂交(杜洛克×长白×大白)育肥猪共120头,随机分为3个组,分别为对照组(CON组)、试验Ⅰ组(F1组)和试验Ⅱ组(F2组),每组设4个重复,每个重复10头猪。试验期为90 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期83 d。正试期分为2个阶段,育肥前期(55~100 kg阶段)52 d、育肥后期(100~125 kg阶段)31 d。在保持净能和蛋白质水平一致的条件下,通过添加发酵酱酒糟和谷物酒糟糖浆调整饲粮NDF水平,育肥前期3组饲粮NDF水平分别设置为14%(CON组)、15%(F1组)、16%(F2组),育肥后期3组饲粮NDF水平分别设置为16%(CON组)、17%(F1组)、18%(F2组)。结果显示:1)育肥前期,与CON组相比,F1组和F2组的结束均重和平均日增重均极显著提高(P<0.01),料重比均极显著降低(P<0.01);育肥后期,与CON组相比,F1组和F2组的体重增长率无显著差异(P>0.05);育肥全期,与CON组相比,F1组和F2组的结束均重以及F1组平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,F2组的屠宰率显著降低(P<0.05),F1组和F2组的眼肌面积极显著提高(P<0.01)。3)育肥前期,与CON组相比,F1组血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量极显著提高(P<0.01),F2组血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量极显著降低(P<0.01);育肥后期,与CON组相比,F2组血清中IgG含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。4)育肥前期,与CON组相比,F1组血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性与F2组血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),F2组血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著提高(P<0.01);育肥后期,与CON组相比,F1组血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)与F2组血清中CAT活性极显著提高(P<0.01),F2组血清中SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性极显著降低(P<0.01)。5)育肥前期,与CON组相比,F1组血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量与F2组血清中IL-1β、IL-2、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),F1组和F2组血清中白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量极显著提高(P<0.01),F2组血清中白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量显著提高(P<0.05);育肥后期,与CON组相比,F1组血清中IL-1β、TGF-β含量和F2组血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、TGF-β含量极显著降低(P<0.01),F1组和F2组血清中IL-4含量极显著提高(P<0.01)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,基于发酵酱酒糟和谷物酒糟糖浆组合提高育肥猪饲粮NDF水平,可以不同程度地改善育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状,调节血清中炎症因子含量。综合来看,以育肥前期饲粮NDF水平为15%、育肥后期饲粮NDF水平为17%时效果最佳。
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary neutral detergent fiber(NDF)level based on a combination of fermented sauce lees and grain lees syrups on the growth performance,carcass traits and serum indexes of finishing pigs.A total of 120 three-way crossbred(Duroc×Long White×Large White)healthy growing and finishing pigs with an average weight of about 56 kg were selected and randomly divided into three groups,they were control group(CON group),test group I(F1 group)and test group II(F2 group).Each group was set up with four replicates with 10 pigs each replicate.The trial period lasted for 90 days,consisting of a 7-day preliminary period and an 83-day formal trial period.The formal trial was divided into two phases:the early fattening period(55 to 100 kg stage)lasting 52 days and the late fattening period(100 to 125 kg stage)lasting 31 days.Under the condition of keeping the same net energy and protein levels,the dietary neutral detergent fiber(NDF)levels were adjusted by incorporating fermented sauce lees and grain lees syrups.During the early fattening period,the dietary NDF levels for the three groups were set at 14%(CON group),15%(F1 group)and 16%(F2 group),respectively.During the late fattening period,the dietary NDF levels for the three groups were set at 16%(CON group),17%(F1 group)and 18%(F2 group),respectively.The results showed as follows:1)during the early fattening period,compared with the CON group,both the F1 and F2 groups exhibited an extremely significant increase in final body weight and average daily gain(P<0.01),along with extremely significant decrease in feed-to-gain ratio(P<0.01).During the late fattening period,no significant difference in weight gain rate was observed between the CON group and the F1,F2 groups(P>0.05).During the full fattening period,final body weight in both F1 and F2 groups and average daily gain in the F1 group were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05),while feed-to-gain ratio was significantly lower than that in the CON group(P<0.05).2)Compared with the CON group,the F2 group showed a significantly lower dressing percentage(P<0.05),while both F1 and F2 groups demonstrated an extremely significant increase in eye muscle area(P<0.01).3)During the early fattening period,compared with the CON group,serum immunoglobulin A(IgA)content in the F1 group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)contents in the F2 group were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).During the late fattening period,compared with the CON group,serum IgG content in the F2 group was extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01).4)During the early fattening period,compared with the CON group,serum catalase(CAT)activity in the F1 group and serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in the F2 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),meanwhile,serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the F2 group was extremely significantly elevated(P<0.01).During the late fattening period,compared with the CON group,serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in the F1 group and serum CAT activity in the F2 group were extremely significantly enhanced(P<0.01),while serum SOD and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities in the F2 group were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).5)During the early fattening period,compared with the CON group,serum interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-2 contents in the F1 group,as well as serum IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)contents in the F2 group were extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01),serum IL-4 content in both F1 and F2 groups was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while serum IL-10 content in the F2 group was significantly elevated(P<0.05).During the late fattening period,compared with the CON group,serum IL-1βand TGF-βcontents in the F1 group,as well as serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand TGF-βcontents in the F2 group,were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),meanwhile,serum IL-4 content in both F1 and F2 groups was extremely significantly elevated(P<0.01).In conclusion,under this experimental condition,based on a combination of fermented sauce lees and grain lees syrups to elevate dietary NDF level in diets can improve the growth performance and carcass traits,and regulate the contents of serum inflammatory factors of finishing pigs.Overall,the best effect is achieved when the dietary NDF level is 15%in the early fattening period and 17%in the late fattening period.
作者
张文辉
马晓阳
李狄科
林柏羽
韦晓芳
张飞
苏海涯
沈水宝
方运雄
陆建府
ZHANG Wenhui;MA Xiaoyang;LI Dike;LIN Boyu;WEI Xiaofang;ZHANG Fei;SU Haiya;SHEN Shuibao;FANG Yunxiong;LU Jianfu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Lutheran Biological Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430205,China;Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Development,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Longan County Qiaojian Township Aquatic Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Longan 532700,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期5850-5862,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
十四五国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300602)。
