摘要
激光作为一种具有功率密度高、方向性强和单色性好等优势的人工光源,在作物育种、强种领域展现出广阔的应用前景。通过对中国知网(CNKI)相关文献的年发文量、发文机构和发文作者进行统计分析,概述了激光在作物育种、强种领域的发展趋势,并系统梳理了激光在诱变育种、种子萌发与幼苗生长、生理生化特性调控、抗逆性提升以及产量品质改善等方面的应用进展。激光诱变可提高种子突变率,缩短育种周期;适量激光处理能够提高种子活力,促进生长,增强作物对干旱、盐碱、低温等逆境的适应能力,并提升作物产量。在此基础上,进一步探讨了激光技术与人工智能、高通量表型分析、大数据等现代技术融合的潜力与发展方向。激光技术有望实现作物育种、强种的精准化、高效化与智能化,为现代农业的转型升级提供理论支撑与技术参考。
Laser,as an artificial light source with advantages such as high power density,strong di⁃rectionality,and good monochromaticity,has demonstrated significant application potential in crop breeding and seed enhancement.This paper conducts a statistical analysis of the annual publication volume,contributing institutions,and authors of relevant literature from CNKI,outlines the develop⁃ment trends of laser technology in crop breeding and seed enhancement,and systematically reviews the progress in the application of lasers for mutagenic breeding,seed germination,seedling growth,regulation of physiological and biochemical characteristics,improvement of stress resistance,and en⁃hancement of yield and quality.Laser mutagenesis can increase mutation rates and shorten breeding cycles.Appropriate laser treatment can enhance seed vitality,promote growth,improve crop adapt⁃ability to adverse conditions such as drought,salinity,and low temperatures,and increase crop yield.Based on these advancements,the paper further explores the potential and future directions of inte⁃grating laser technology with modern technologies,including artificial intelligence,high-throughput phenotyping,and big data.Laser technology is expected to achieve precision,efficiency,and intelli⁃gence in crop breeding and seed enhancement,offering theoretical support and technical guidance for the transformation and upgrading of modern agriculture.
作者
周雷进雨
杨明来
毕春光
于合龙
ZHOU Leijinyu;YANG Minglai;BI Chunguang;YU Helong(College of Information Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Institute of Smart Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)
出处
《吉林农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期581-593,共13页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University
基金
吉林省科技发展计划项目(YDZJ202502CXJD006)。
关键词
激光
育种
强种
发展趋势
laser
breeding
seed enhancement
development trend
