摘要
针对新疆地区气候干旱、土质沙化等地理因素及“干播湿出”种植模式,传统花生播种机在播种时存在效率低、通用性差、适应性差等问题,设计了2MBJ系列机械式花生精量播种机,能一次性完成整形、开沟、铺膜、压膜、穴播、覆土镇压等一系列花生田间作业。多组田间播种试验表明:该播种机的穴粒数合格率为91.8%,空穴率为2.8%,穴距合格率为93.8%,种子机械损伤率为0.3%,膜孔全覆盖率为95%,播种深度合格率为92%,各项技术指标均满足评价要求,具有播种合格率高、破损率小、起垄效果佳和覆土性能优等整体效果,并在项目示范基地实施2 000余亩(1亩≈666.67 m~2)播种作业,该2MBJ系列机械式花生精量播种机能够适用于新疆地区地理因素及“干播湿出”的种植模式,实现了通用性强、适应性强、效率高,以及为农户增产创收的目标。
Due to such geographical factors as climate drought and soil desertification in Xinjiang and the planting mode of“dry sowing and wet sowing”,the traditional peanut seeder has some problems such as low efficiency,poor universality and poor adaptability.In this article,a 2MBJ series mechanical peanut precision seeder is designed,which can complete a series of peanut field operations such as shaping,ditching,film laying,film pressing,hole sowing and covering soil in one time.Many groups of field sowing experiment show that the qualified rate of the seeder is 91.8%,the void rate is 2.8%,the qualified rate of hole spacing is 93.8%,the mechanical damage rate of seeds is 0.3%,the full coverage rate of film holes is 95%,and the qualified rate of sowing depth is 92%.With all technical indexes meeting the evaluation require-ments,the precision seeder has high qualified rate of sowing,low damage rate,good ridging effect and excellent soil cover-ing performance.More than 2000 mu(1 mu≈666.67 m2)of sowing is carried out in the project demonstration base.The 2MBJ series mechanical peanut precision seeder can be applied to the geographical areas in Xinjiang and the planting mode of“dry sowing and wet sowing”,thus achieving such goals as strong versatility,good adaptability,high efficiency,in-creased production and decent income for farmers,etc.
作者
李长勇
赵建安
卢登明
陆亮阳
廖应良
张颖
LI Changyong;ZHAO Jian’an;LU Dengming;LU Liangyang;LIAO Yingliang;ZHANG Ying(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047;Xinjiang Jintiancheng Machinery Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Alar 843300)
出处
《机械设计》
北大核心
2025年第9期124-129,共6页
Journal of Machine Design
基金
新疆农业机械研发制造推广项目(YTHSD2022-17)。
关键词
花生
精量播种机
设计
田间试验
peanut
precision seeder
design
field experiment
