摘要
【目的】探究雪茄烟云雪39的化学组分对烟草根结线虫的毒杀活性及其防控潜力,为开发植物源杀线虫剂提供理论依据。【方法】以云雪39为试验材料,采用硅胶柱层析结合梯度洗脱法制备其提取物中的化学组分;通过体外浸渍法测定化学组分对南方根结线虫二龄幼虫的致死率与卵孵化抑制率,明确其活性组分;利用盆栽试验评价活性组分对烟草根结线虫病的防控效果,结合液相色谱—质谱(liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,LC-MS)鉴定其主要化学成分。【结果】云雪39活性组分表现出显著的杀线活性,当其质量浓度为50.000 mg/mL时,72 h后半数致死浓度(lethal concentration 50,LC50)为23.020 mg/mL;7 d后,其对南方根结线虫卵孵化抑制率为75.48%。盆栽试验表明:活性组分质量浓度为46.0mg/mL时,根结防效和相对虫口防效分别为69.00%和39.20%,与0.50%阿维菌素处理防控效果相当。LC-MS分析结果显示:云雪39活性组分中的杀线虫活性化合物主要有新烟碱、柠檬苦素、查尔酮、槲皮素、马来酸等。【结论】本研究证实云雪39活性组分可以有效防治烟草根结线虫,具备开发为绿色杀线剂的潜力。
[Purpose]To investigate the nematicidal activity and control potential of cigar Yunxue 39 chemical components against tobacco root-knot nematodes,providing a theoretical basis for devel-oping botanical nematicides.[Methods]Using Yunxue 39 as the experimental material,the chem-ical components extract were prepared by silica gel column chromatography combined with gradient elution.The mortality rate and egg hatching inhibition rate of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita were determined through in vitro immersion assays,identifying the active components.Con-currently,pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the control efficacy of the active components against tobacco root-knot nematode disease,while liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was employed to identify the main chemical components.[Results]Yunxue 39 active com-ponents exhibited significant nematocidal activity.At a mass concentration of 50.000 mg/mL,the lethal concentration 50(LC50)was 23.020 mg/mL after 72 hours.After seven days,the inhibition rate of egg hatching of M.incognita reached 75.48%.Pot experiment results showed that when the mass concentration of the active components was 46.0 mg/mL,the root-knot control efficacy and relative nematode population control efficacy were 69.00%and 39.20%,respectively,which was comparable to the control effect of 0.50%abamectin treatment.LC-MS analysis revealed that the main nematocid-al compounds in Yunxue 39 active components were neonicotinoids,limonoids,chalcones,quercetin,and maleic acid.[Conclusion]This study confirms that the active components of Yunxue 39 can effectively control root-knot nematodes in tobacco,demonstrating potential for development as an eco-friendly nematicide.
作者
李亚梅
坚强
张美芬
王宏伟
周文兵
徐俊驹
LI Yamei;JIAN Qiang;ZHANG Meifen;WANG Hongwei;ZHOU Wenbing;XU Junju(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yuxi Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Yuxi 653100,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第4期10-17,共8页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
云南省农业联合重点项目(202301BD070001-132)
中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202401011-(LS-01)]。
