摘要
综述了甲烷干重整(DRM)技术中催化剂金属活性组分、载体及制备方法对催化剂催化性能的影响,并展望了甲烷干重整催化剂的研究方向。DRM技术可利用水泥行业全氧燃烧捕集的CO_(2)与CH_(4)反应转化为合成气,实现工业CO_(2)资源化利用。催化剂是提升CH_(4)与CO_(2)转化率的关键,Ni基催化剂应用广泛,单一Ni基组分易因积碳失活;双金属Ni基催化剂(如Ni-Co体系)在保持高活性的同时,可显著增强抗积碳和抗失活能力。载体直接影响催化剂反应效率与寿命,设计微孔-介孔复合多级孔结构载体,可兼顾活性金属分散性(微孔)与反应物扩散效率(介孔)。在制备方法方面,优化活性金属分散及金属-载体相互作用,可提升催化剂活性和抗积碳性能。未来可通过等离子体、光催化等辅助技术,在温和条件下活化反应物,同时积极探索DRM与太阳能、风能等可再生能源的耦合,推动绿色高效能源转化。
This paper reviews the effects of active metal components,support structures,and preparation methods of catalysts on their catalytic performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM),and it also explores the research directions of DRM catalysts.The DRM technology has the capacity to employ CO_(2)captured by oxy-fuel combustion in the cement industry to react with CH_(4)for syngas production,thereby facilitating the utilization of industrial CO_(2)resources.Catalysts are crucial for improving the conversion rates of CH_(4)and CO_(2).Ni-based catalysts are widely used,but single Ni components are susceptible to deactivation due to carbon deposition.Bimetallic Ni-based catalysts(such as Ni-Co systems)can significantly enhance carbon deposition resistance and anti-deactivation ability while maintaining high activity.Supports directly influences the reaction efficiency and service life of catalysts.The design of micro-mesoporous composite hierarchical porous supports can balance the dispersion of active metals(micropores)and the diffusion efficiency of reactants(mesopores).In terms of preparation methods,optimizing the dispersion of active metals and metal-support interactions can improve catalyst activity and carbon deposition resistance.In the future,auxiliary technologies such as plasma and photocatalysis may be employed to activate reactants under mild conditions.Meanwhile,the coupling of DRM with renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy should be actively explored to promote green and efficient energy conversion.
作者
李帅帅
马娇媚
赵亮
杨欢迎
王佳硕
LI Shuaishuai;MA Jiaomei;ZHAO Liang;YANG Huanying;WANG Jiashuo(CNBM Equipment Group,Tianjin Cement Industry Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300133,China)
出处
《水泥技术》
2025年第5期52-59,共8页
Cement Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFA1504700)。
关键词
甲烷干重整
金属催化剂
积碳
烧结
催化剂失活
dry reforming of methane
metal catalyst
carbon deposition
sintering
catalyst deactivation
