摘要
浮式防波堤造价低、安装方便,允许堤内外的海水交换,其中以箱型结构的应用最为广泛。在箱型结构的基础上,提出一种开孔倒T型浮式防波堤,并围绕其垂直导桩锚固方式的水动力特性开展研究。通过在倒T型结构的两侧箱体上、下甲板开孔,增加结构紊动消能,并大大减小结构自重,便于工程安装。新型浮式防波堤的上甲板置于静水位附近,进一步增加对于波浪的破碎和紊动消能。基于物理模型试验和数值模拟方法,对垂直导桩锚固方式的新型浮式防波堤的水动力特性进行分析讨论。试验中设置固定式和不开孔结构为对照组,阐明不同波浪参数对于新型开孔浮式防波堤的透射、反射系数、运动响应幅值的影响,通过数值模拟分析比较了浮式防波堤结构周围的湍动能分布,进一步明确倒T型开孔浮式防波堤的消浪机理,并且研究了不同结构尺寸对于消浪效果的影响。结果表明:开孔消能结构可以对波浪起到紊动消能作用,具有较好的能量耗散效果,但由于其自重较轻,运动响应幅值相对较大。相对而言,吃水深度和有效消浪宽度的增加对于掩护效果的改善十分显著,而甲板开孔率的影响则相对较小。
The floating breakwater is low in cost and easy to install,and it allows the exchange of seawater inside and outside the breakwater.The box type is the most prevalent in this context.Based on the box type,a perforated inverted T-shaped floating breakwater was proposed in this paper,and the hydrodynamic characteristics of a vertical guide pile anchoring method were studied.By creating openings in the upper and lower decks of the box on both sides and positioning the upper deck close to the still water level,the turbulent energy dissipation of waves is increased,and the weight is significantly reduced,thereby streamlining the installation process.The upper deck of the new floating breakwater is situated close to the still water level,thereby promoting wave turbulence and breaking for energy dissipation.Based on physical model tests and numerical simulations,the hydrodynamic characteristics of the new type of floating breakwater anchored by vertical guide piles were analyzed and discussed.In the experiment,two comparative cases were established:one comprising fixed structures and the other comprising non-perforated structures.The objective was to elucidate the impact of varying wave parameters on the transmission and reflection coefficients,as well as on the motion response amplitude,of the newly developed perforated floating breakwater.A numerical simulation was conducted to analyze and compare the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy around the new type of floating breakwater,with the aim of further clarifying its wave dissipation mechanism.Additionally,the effects of different structural dimensions on the wave dissipation performance were investigated.It is found that the perforated floating breakwater is capable of providing superior turbulent kinetic energy dissipation and wave energy dissipation,while simultaneously exhibiting a lighter weight and a relatively larger motion response amplitude.By comparison,increasing the draft depth and the width of the perforated deck has a significant impact on the enhancement of the sheltering effect,whereas the influence of the deck opening ratio is relatively minor.
作者
贾春磊
冯春建
李宇超
廖绍华
王岩
赵洋
JIA Chunlei;FENG Chunjian;LI Yuchao;LIAO Shaohua;WANG Yan;ZHAO Yang(Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation,Dongying 257000,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《水道港口》
2025年第4期516-526,共11页
Journal of Waterway and Harbor
基金
国家自然科学基金委员会青年科学基金项目(52001293)
国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目(52088102)。
关键词
浮式防波堤
开孔结构
物理模型试验
数值模拟
消浪机理
OPENFOAM
floating breakwater
perforated structure
physical model test
numerical simulation
wave dissipation mechanism
OpenFOAM
