摘要
目的 了解浙江省临海市人居环境小型兽类(小兽)及鼠传病原体的携带情况,为鼠源疾病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 2022-2024年选取浙江省临海市4个街道(镇)的居民区、灌丛、重点行业等小兽活动频繁的人居环境作为监测点。采用笼夜法捕获小兽,并采集其肝、肾、脾、肺等脏器组织标本。采用荧光定量PCR方法对标本进行汉坦病毒、大别班达病毒、钩端螺旋体(钩体)、斑疹伤寒立克次体和恙虫病东方体等5种鼠传病原体检测。采用χ^(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法比较不同街道(镇)、不同种类的小兽病原体阳性率差异。结果 共捕获小兽317只,总捕获率为6.43%,其中褐家鼠187只,占58.99%。317份样本中有34份病原体检测阳性,总检出率为10.73%;钩体和汉坦病毒为检出的主要病原体,检出率分别为10.41%和0.95%;在褐家鼠、黑线姬鼠、黄毛鼠、黄胸鼠、北社鼠中均检出钩体,阳性率分别为8.56%、48.00%、7.69%、5.88%和6.25%,不同种类小兽的钩体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。褐家鼠中2份样本同时检出钩体和汉坦病毒,混合感染率为0.63%。所有样本均未检测到大别班达病毒、斑疹伤寒立克次体和恙虫病东方体。结论 临海市人居环境的主要鼠传病原体为钩体和汉坦病毒,钩体在不同鼠种间阳性率不同,应加强鼠传疾病的预防控制,特别是针对褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠的防鼠灭鼠措施。
Objective: To investigate the infection status of rodent-borne pathogens among small mammals in the human settlements of Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases in the city. Methods: From 2022 to 2024, small mammals were monitored by night cage-trapping in the human settlements, including residential areas, shrublands, and key industries where small mammals are frequently active, across four sub-districts (towns) in Linhai. The liver, kidney, spleen, and lung tissues were collected from the captured small mammals. Fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect five rodent-borne pathogens, including Hantavirus, Dabie bandavirus, Leptospira, Rickettsia typhi, and Orientia tsutsugamushi. The positive rates of pathogens in small mammals were compared by species and districts using the χ^(2) test or Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 317 small mammals were captured, with a total capture rate of 6.43%, and the most was Rattus norvegicus (187/317, 58.99%). Among 317 samples, 34 were pathogen-positive, with a total detection rate of 10.73%. Leptospira and Hantavirus were the main pathogens, with detection rates of 10.41% and 0.95%, respectively. Leptospira was detected in R. norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, R. losea, R. tanezumi, and Niviventer confucianus, with positive rates of 8.56%, 48.00%, 7.69%, 5.88%, and 6.25%, respectively. The difference in the positive rate of Leptospira across those rodent species was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Two R. norvegicus samples were simultaneously positive for Leptospira and Hantavirus, indicating a co-infection rate of 0.63%. Dabie bandavirus, R. typhi, and O. tsutsugamushi were not detected in any sample. Conclusions: Leptospira and Hantavirus are the main rodent-borne pathogens in the human settlement environment of Linhai. The positive rate of Leptospira differs across different rodent species. It is necessary to enhance prevention and control measures against rodent-borne diseases, especially targeting the control of R. norvegicus and A. agrarius.
作者
郑建军
王曦
洪丹阳
吴小强
胡雅飞
赵怡双
吴高成
金珊珊
Jian-jun ZHENG;Xi WANG;Dan-yang HONG;Xiao-qiang WU;Ya-fei HU;Yi-shuang ZHAO;Gao-cheng WU;Shan-shan JIN(Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Linhai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Linhai,Zhejiang 317000,China;Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Zhejiang 317700,China)
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
2025年第4期453-456,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
基金
临海市科技计划(社会发展领域)(2023YW48)。
