摘要
“科学民主化”是由科学的社会研究引发的一个牵涉广泛且颇具争议性的热点话题。主体在化解科学争论中的决定性作用、市场需求与政治力量对科学实践的双重驱动,以及科学知识地方性等缘由是民主介入科学的现实基础。客体对主体认识的约束性、科学知识生产的逻辑驱动以及科学知识普遍性等因素是反对民主介入科学的主要论据。辩证来看,对科学民主化的片面反对或极端推崇都不利于科学的健康发展。对我们而言,科学协商成为全过程人民民主的重要组成部分,能有效防止“赛先生”向“赛维坦”的异化。但科学协商要以人民科学素养的提升为前提,从而避免科学协商的民粹化。扬弃科学民主化双方立场的理论基础,是发展马克思主义科学哲学的内在要求。
The“democratization of science”is a widely involved and controversial topic triggered by the social research of science.The decisive role of the subject in resolving scientific disputes,the dual driving force of market demand and political logic to scientific activities,and the localized nature of scientific knowledge collectively constitute the realistic basis of scientific democratization.The main arguments against the democratization of science include the constraining effect of the object on the subject’s cognition,the logic-driven scientific knowledge production and the universal applicability of scientific knowledge.However,a dialectical perspective reveals that neither one-sided opposition to the democratization of science nor excessive praise are conducive to science.As far as our country is concerned,scientific consultation is an integral component of the whole process of people’s democracy,which can prevent the alienation of“Mr.Sci.”from“Sci-viathan”.However,scientific consultation in our country should be based on the improvement of the people’s scientific literacy,so as to prevent scientific consultation from slipping into populism.Discarding the theoretical basis of the positions of both sides of science and democracy is an inherent necessity for the advancement of Marxist philosophy of science.
作者
章雁超
ZHANG Yanchao(Research Center of Science,Technology and Social Development,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;School of Marxism,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)
出处
《山东科技大学学报(社会科学版)》
2025年第4期9-18,共10页
Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金青年项目(22CZX025)。
关键词
科学民主化
科学知识生产
科学认识论
科学协商
马克思主义科学哲学
the democratization of science
scientific knowledge production
Scientific epistemology
Scientific consulation
Marxist scientific philosophy
