摘要
目的:了解北京市昌平区6类食品中克罗诺杆菌污染状况及耐药性,为疫情防控提供数据支持。方法:采集2022—2024年2—11月婴儿配方奶粉、婴幼儿谷物辅助食品、即食麦片、芝麻酱、巧克力及香辛料6类样品共计213件,按照《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》要求进行金黄色葡萄球菌、肠杆菌科、蜡样芽孢杆菌计数,对沙门氏菌、克罗诺杆菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌进行分离培养,并对分离出的克罗诺杆菌进行药敏试验。结果:213件样品分离出32株(15.02%)克罗诺杆菌,未分离到单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、沙门氏菌;3件样品肠杆菌科计数不小于10 CFU·g^(-1),所有样品的金黄色葡萄球菌计数和蜡样芽孢杆菌计数均小于10 CFU·g^(-1);不同种类食品中,香辛料克罗诺杆菌检出率最高(66.67%),其次是芝麻酱(26.26%),检出差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);克罗诺杆菌对头孢唑林28株(87.50%)菌耐药、4株(12.5%)菌中介,对头孢西丁5株(15.63%)菌耐药、22株(68.75%)菌中介,对氯霉素1株(3.13%)菌中介,对其他10种抗生素100%敏感。结论:北京市昌平区婴幼儿谷物辅助食品、即食麦片、芝麻酱、巧克力和香辛料5类食品存在不同程度的克罗诺杆菌污染,应引起卫生监督部门重视,防止食物中毒事件发生;克罗诺杆菌对头孢唑林耐药率高,无多重耐药现象。
Objective:To understand the contamination status and drug resistance of Cronobacter spp.in six types of food in Changping district of Beijing,and to provide data support for epidemic prevention and control.Method:From February to November each year between 2022 and 2024,a total of 213 samples of six types,including infant formula milk powder,infant cereal complementary food,ready-to-eat cereal,sesame paste,chocolate and spices were collected and tested for counting of Enterobacteriaceae,Staphylococcus aureus,and Bacillus cereus,isolation and cultivation of Cronobacter spp.,Salmonella,Listeria monocytogenes according to the standard operating procedures in the Manual for China National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring.Drug sensitivity tests were also conducted on the isolated Cronobacter spp.Result:A total of 32 strains(15.02%)of Cronobacter spp.were detected in 213 samples,Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected.The Enterobacteriaceae counts of three samples were greater than or equal to10 CFU·g^(-1),the Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus count of all samples were less than 10 CFU·g^(-1).Among different types of food,the detection rate of Cronobacter spp.was the highest(66.67%),followed by samples of tahini(26.26%),and the difference in detection was statistically significant(p<0.05).28 strains(87.5%)were resistant to cefazolin,and 4 strains(12.5%)were intermediate;5 strains(15.63%)were resistant to cefoxitin,and 22(68.75%)were intermediate;1 strain(3.13%)was intermediate to chloramphenicol.All strains were sensitive to the other 10 antibiotics.Conclusions:Five types of food in Changping district of Beijing,including infant cereal supplements,granola,tahini,chocolate,spice have varying degrees of Cronobacter spp.contamination,which should taken seriously by health supervision departments to prevent the outbreak and spread of foodborne diseases.The resistant rate to cefazolin was the hightest,and there were no multi-antibiotic resistance.
作者
闻艳红
李东迅
舒高林
谷田
李楠
张阳
WEN Yanhong;LI Dongxun;SHU Gaolin;GU Tian;LI Nan;ZHANG Yang(Changping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,Beijing 102200,China)
出处
《食品安全导刊》
2025年第25期176-180,共5页
Food Safety Guide Magazine
关键词
食品
克罗诺杆菌
耐药
food
Cronobacter spp.
drug resistant
