摘要
试验旨在探究饲料中添加黑水虻粉部分替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长性能、生理健康和鱼体脂肪酸组成的影响。以初始体重为(25.11±0.12)g的大口黑鲈为试验对象,按照等氮等脂等磷试验设计方案,设置50%超级蒸汽鱼粉(秘鲁,鳀鱼)为对照组(CON组),黑水虻粉以等质量替代鱼粉10%(BSF10)、20%(BSF20)和30%(BSF30)共4组饲料,在池塘网箱养殖56 d。结果表明:各组鱼体的末均重、特定生长率、蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率、肝体比、脏体比及肥满度均无显著差异(P>0.05);与CON组相比,BSF20组和BSF30组的成活率分别增加了17.00%和19.01%(P<0.05),BSF30组的饲料系数降低了13.74%(P<0.05),BSF10组和BSF30组肌肉灰分含量显著升高(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,随着黑水虻粉替代鱼粉比例的增加,试验鱼全鱼、肌肉和肝胰脏器官组织中的月桂酸(C12:0)含量显著升高(P<0.05);试验组鱼体血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著降低,BSF20组的白蛋白(ALB)、胆固醇(CHO)和三酰甘油(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05),BSF30组的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、胆固醇(CHO)和三酰甘油(TG)含量显著升高及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)显著降低(P<0.05)。在对照组50%鱼粉的条件下,用黑水虻粉等质量替代10%~30%鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能无显著负面影响,且有提高的趋势;试验鱼体各器官组织脂肪酸的组成模式受到饲料中脂肪酸组成模式的影响,表现为正相关性;对鱼体生理健康维护有较好效果。
The experiment aimed to explore the effects of adding Black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens L.)meal to the feed to partially replace fish meal on the growth performance,physiological health,and fatty acid composition of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).According to the experimental design scheme of equal nitrogen,equal lipid,and equal phosphorus,a control group(CON)with 50%super steam fish meal(Peruvian,anchovy)was set up,and black soldier fly meal was used to replace 10%(BSF10),20%(BSF20),and 30%(BSF30)of the fish meal by equal mass,making a total of four groups of feeds.Largemouth bass with an initial body weight of(25.11±0.12)g were used as the experimental subjects and cultured in pond cages for 56 days.The experimental results showed that there were no significant differences in the final average weight,specific growth rate,protein deposition rate,fat deposition rate,hepatosomatic index,viscerosomatic index,and condition factor among the groups(P>0.05).Compared with the control group(CON group),the survival rates of the BSF20 group and the BSF30 group increased by 17.00%and 19.01%,respectively(P<0.05),the feed conversion ratio of the BSF30 group decreased by 13.74%(P<0.05),and the ash content in the muscles of the BSF10 group and the BSF30 group increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the control group(CON group),as the proportion of black soldier fly meal replacing fish meal increased,the content of lauric acid(C12∶0)in the tissues of the experimental fish body,muscles,and hepatopancreas organs increased significantly(P<0.05).The serum glucose(GLU)of the experimental fish in the experimental groups decreased significantly.The albumin(ALB),cholesterol(CHO),and triglyceride(TG)in the BSF20 group increased significantly(P<0.05),and the total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),cholesterol(CHO),and triglyceride(TG)in the BSF30 group increased significantly,while the alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)decreased significantly(P<0.05).The results indicate that,under the condition of 50%fish meal in the control group,replacing 10%to 30%of fish meal with black soldier fly meal by equal mass has no sig⁃nificant negative impact on the growth performance of largemouth bass and shows a trend of improvement.The composition pattern of fatty acids in various organs and tissues of the experimental fish is affected by the composition pattern of fatty acids in the feed,showing a positive correlation,and it has a good effect on maintaining the physiological health of the fish.
作者
杨威
况洋
叶元土
吴萍
肖旭全
王进
YANG Wei;KUANG Yang;YE Yuantu;WU Ping;XIAO Xuquan;WANG Jin(School of Biology&Basic Medical Science,Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215123,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition,Jiangsu,Jiangsu Suzhou 215213,China;Handan Biotechnology(Suzhou)Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Suzhou 215008,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2025年第17期77-88,共12页
Feed Industry
关键词
黑水虻粉
生长性能
脂肪酸
大口黑鲈
血清生化指标
black soldier fly meal
growth performance
fatty acids
largemouth bass
serum biochemical parameters
