摘要
针对某汽车中冷器气室多向深腔复杂塑件设计了一副两板式模具,解决了该塑件脱模困难、难以实现自动化注塑的生产难题。塑件方形主体顶部设有与水平方向呈73°夹角的圆管接头,外表面分布密集网状加强筋,四个侧壁均存在多处需侧向抽芯成型的复杂特征,且部分特征抽芯方向相互干涉,导致脱模机构设计非常困难。为解决该问题,运用分层式型腔设计方法,将整体塑件依据几何拓扑与脱模约束分解为四个逻辑层次。针对脱模方向冲突最为集中的第二层特征群,应用脱模方向集中优化法,设计了四个侧向抽芯机构:模具天侧因需大抽芯力及空间允许,配置了液压缸抽芯机构,其余三侧均采用斜导柱抽芯机构。特别针对顶部圆筒特征两个相互垂直脱模方向的空间运动干涉,创新设计了“滑块嵌套滑块”式二次抽芯机构。该机构通过时序控制,驱动内层滑块(负责垂直方向特征)执行首次抽芯,解除约束后,外层滑块(负责径向特征)完成二次抽芯。此分步动作有效规避了干涉,实现了塑件自动完全脱模。生产验证表明,该模具结构合理,机构运行稳定。其分层设计理念及嵌套式二次抽芯机构,有效解决了复杂塑件脱模、多向抽芯协同控制难题,为汽车高功能塑件精密模具设计提供了有益参考。
A two-plate mould was designed for a complex multi-directional deep cavity plastic part of an automobile intercooler air chamber,solving the production challenges of difficult demolding and the difficulty in achieving automated injection molding.The square main body of the plastic part is equipped with a round tube joint at a 73°angle to the horizontal direction,and the outer surface is densely covered with mesh-like reinforcing ribs.The four side walls all have multiple complex features that require lateral core pulling molding,and some of these features have interfering core pulling directions,making the design of the demolding mechanism very difficult.To solve this problem,a layered cavity design method was employed,decomposing the overall plastic part into four logical levels based on geometric topology and demolding constraints.For the second layer of feature groups where the conflict in demolding directions is most concentrated,a centralized optimization method for demolding directions was applied,and four lateral core pulling mechanisms were designed.Due to the need for large core pulling force and space availability on the mold top side,a hydraulic cylinder core pulling mechanism was configured,while the remaining three sides all adopted inclined guide post core pulling mechanisms.Specifically,for the spatial motion interference between the two mutually perpendicular demolding directions of the top cylindrical feature,an innovative slider nested slider type secondary core pulling mechanism was designed.This mechanism,through timing control,drives the inner slider which is responsible for vertical direction features to perform the first core pulling,and after releasing the constraints,the outer slider which is responsible for radial features completes the second core pulling.This step-by-step action effectively avoids interference and achieves automatic and complete demolding of the plastic part.Production verification shows that the mould structure is reasonable and the mechanism operates stably.Its layered design concept and nested secondary core pulling mechanism effectively solve the problems of complex plastic part demolding and multidirectional core pulling coordination control,providing a useful reference for the design of precision molds for high-functional plastic parts in automobiles.
作者
俞文涛
高永生
阮顶伟
潘铁军
丁素芳
俞益辉
YU Wentao;GAO Yongshen;RUAN Dingwei;PAN Tiejun;DING Sufang;YU Yihui(College of Science and Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315000,China;Ningbo Technician College,Ningbo 315000,China;Ningbo Mingye Auto Parts Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315000,China)
出处
《工程塑料应用》
北大核心
2025年第8期157-164,共8页
Engineering Plastics Application
基金
“科创甬江2035”重点研发计划(2025Z130)
宁波市重点研发项目(2023Z228)
宁波市校企合作优质课程建设项目(cj2024021)。
关键词
中冷器
气室
聚酰胺
分层式型腔设计法
嵌套式二次抽芯机构
脱模机构
intercooler
air chamber
polyamide
layered cavity design method
nested secondary core pulling mechanism
demolding mechanism
