摘要
目的 研究传染病控制集中隔离期间集中供餐模式的膳食供应情况及患者满意度,为应对公共卫生事件中的膳食管理和营养保障提供参考依据。方法 采用方便抽样法进行在线问卷调查,分析患者隔离期间的饮食情况及满意度;网络搜索同期间集中隔离患者一日三餐的膳食图片,采用营养计算器软件分析供应的膳食营养素情况。结果 研究发现集中供餐提供的能量和蛋白质均高于推荐摄入量,铁、锌和硒基本满足人体需求,维生素A、维生素B_(1)、维生素B_(2)、维生素C及钙偏低;75.4%的患者表示对集中供餐提供的饮食满意或很满意;早餐提供热食、患者自身饮食规律、深色蔬菜占比达到1/2以上、提供水果食物种类数量达到12种及以上的隔离点,其膳食总体满意度较高(P<0.05);23.7%的患者使用过微波炉加热食物,19.9%的患者使用过带有消毒功能的机器人送餐设备。结论 集中供餐能基本满足患者的营养需求,且考虑到了个性化需求,能运用智能化设备等措施为患者提供良好的膳食保障。建议在膳食结构上可以进一步优化,增加全谷物和蔬果,减少油腻的烹调方式,并配备膳食补充剂;构建户外运动区域,营造积极的康复环境,进一步提升患者的膳食满意度。
Objective To investigate and analyze the dietary supply and patient satisfaction of the centralized catering mode during the centralized quarantine period for infectious disease control,and to provide a reference for the dietary management plan and nutritional support in response to public health events.Methods Questionnaires were designed and administered to patients under centralized care from March to June 2022 to collect data on their dietary situations and satisfaction.Dietary images of the patients'meals during this period were also collected through online searches,and the nutritional content of the meals was analyzed using nutritional calculator sofware.ResultsThe survey found that the energy and protein provided by the centralized catering exceeded the recommended intake,while iron,zinc,and selenium basically met human needs.However,vitamins A,B_(1),B_(2),C,and calcium were low.75.4% of patients expressed satisfaction or great satisfaction with the meals provided.Higher overall satisfaction was associated with the availability of hot breakfast,patients'adherence to their own dietary routines,more than half of the meals containing dark-colored vegetables,the inclusion of fruits in meals,and a variety of food items reaching 12 or more(P<0.05).During centralized care,23.7%of patients used microwaves to heat food,and 19.9%utilized robotic delivery devices with disinfection functions.Conclusion The centralized catering model can basically meet the nutritional needs of patients and consider individual preferences.With the application of intelligent equipment and other measures,it provides good dietary support for patients.It is recommended to further optimize the dietary structure by increasing whole grains,vegetables,and fruits,reducing oily cooking methods,providing dietary supplements,establishing outdoor exercise areas,and fostering a positive recovery environment to further enhance patient satisfaction with meals.
作者
毛绚霞
张佳蕾
唐文静
杨科峰
储燕君
宋芳芳
贾洁
Mao Xuanxia;Zhang Jialei;Tang Wenjing;Yang Kefeng;Chu Yanjun;Song Fangfang;Jia Jie(Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China;Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200051,China;College of Health Science and Technology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China;Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)
出处
《健康教育与健康促进》
2025年第4期405-408,共4页
Health Education and Health Promotion
基金
上海交通大学医学院科技创新项目(人文社科类)(WK2204
WK2205)。
关键词
传染病控制
集中隔离
集中供餐
膳食满意度
Infectious disease control
Centralized quarantine
Centralized catering
Dietary satisfaction
